Still Mad: American Women Writers and the Feminist Imagination

by Sandra M. Gilbert, Susan Gubar

Overview

A brilliant, sweeping history of the contemporary women’s movement told through the lives and works of the literary women who shaped it.

Forty years after their first groundbreaking work of feminist literary theory, The Madwoman in the Attic, award-winning collaborators Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar map the literary history of feminism’s second wave.

From its stirrings in the midcentury—when Sylvia Plath, Betty Friedan, and Joan Didion found their voices and Diane di Prima, Lorraine Hansberry, and Audre Lorde discovered community in rebellion—to a resurgence in the new millennium in the writings of Alison Bechdel, Claudia Rankine, and N. K. Jemisin, Gilbert and Gubar trace the evolution of feminist literature. They offer lucid, compassionate, and piercing readings of major works by these writers and others, including Adrienne Rich, Ursula K. Le Guin, Maxine Hong Kingston, Susan Sontag, Gloria Anzaldúa, and Toni Morrison. Activists and theorists like Nina Simone, Gloria Steinem, Andrea Dworkin, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick, and Judith Butler also populate these pages as Gilbert and Gubar examine the overlapping terrain of literature and politics in a comprehensive portrait of an expanding movement.

As Gilbert and Gubar chart feminist gains—including creative new forms of protests and changing attitudes toward gender and sexuality—they show how the legacies of second wave feminists, and the misogynistic culture they fought, extend to the present. In doing so, they celebrate the diversity and urgency of women who have turned passionate rage into powerful writing.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780393651713
Publisher:	Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc.
Publication date:	08/17/2021
Pages:	464
Sales rank:	1,085,238
Product dimensions:	9.10(w) x 6.20(h) x 1.50(d)

About the Author

Sandra M. Gilbert is a distinguished literary critic and poet. Together with Susan Gubar, she was awarded the Ivan Sandrof Lifetime Achievement Award from the NBCC. She lives in Berkeley, California.

Susan Gubar is an acclaimed memoirist and literary critic. Together with Sandra M. Gilbert, she was awarded the Ivan Sandrof Lifetime Achievement Award from the NBCC. She lives in Bloomington, Indiana.

Table of Contents

Introduction: The Possible and the Impossible 1

Glass Ceilings and Broken Glass 3

How the Seventies Changed Our Lives 7

The Schooling of Hillary Rodham and Her Generation 12

The Cultural Chaos We Face 19

Keeping Things Going 23

Section I Strirings in the Fifties

1 Midcentury Separate Spheres 29

Sylvia Plath's Paper Dolls 31

HIS AND HER Time 36

Anatomy and Destiny 41

2 Race, Rebellion, and Reaction 48

Diane di Prima as a Feminist Beatnik 49

Gwendolyn Brooks's Bronzeville 51

The Stages of Lorraine Hansberry's Militancy 54

Audre Lorde's Lesbian Biomythography 62

Joan Didion's Vogue versus Betty Friedan's Problem That Has No Name 66

Section II Eruptions in the Sixties

3 Three Angry Voices 73

Plath Despairs While Ariel Takes Wing 76

Adrienne Rich as a Cultural Daughter-in-Law 85

Nina Simone, Diva 92

4 The Sexual Revolution and the Vietnam War 102

Sex in New York City: Gloria Steinem versus Helen Gurley Brown 103

Susan Sontag, Joan Didion, and San Francisco 110

Women Strike for Peace 119

Valerie Solanas and the Rise of the Second Wave 125

Section III Awakenings in the Seventies

5 Protesting Patriarchy 135

Kate Millett's Touchstone Book 139

Susan Sontag as Feminist Philosopher 146

Best Sellers in the Womanhouse: From Toni Morrison to Marilyn French 152

Plath's Electric Take on the Fifties 164

6 Speculative Poetry, Speculative Fiction 173

The Metamorphoses of Adrienne Rich 175

Dystopias and Utopias 187

Alice Sheldon/James Tiptree, Jr. 188

Joanna Russ's Misandry 197

Ursula Le Guin's Androgyny 199

7 Bonded and Bruised Sisters 204

Gloria Steinem and Alice Walker at Mr. 205

Audre Lorde Dismantles the Master's House 215

Maxine Hong Kingston's Ghosts and Warriors 220

The Dinner Party 227

Section IV Revisions in the Eighties and Nineties

8 Identity Politics 235

Andrea Dworkin and the Sex Wars 238

Gloria Anzaldúa's Mestiza Consciousness 244

Adrienne Rich's Judaism 249

The Intersectionality of Toni Morrison 256

9 Inside and Outside the Ivory Closet 265

The Culture Wars 267

The Queer Theories of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and Judith Butler 269

Anne Carson's Poetics of Love and Loss 276

Postmodernism/Transsexualism 281

Who Owns Feminism? 285

Section V Recessions/Revivals in the Twenty-First Century

10 Older and Younger Generations 293

The New Millennium 293

Alison Bechdel's Literary Genealogy 298

Are You My Mother? 304

Eve Ensler's V-Days 308

Transgender Visibility: From Susan Stryker to Maggie Nelson 311

11 Resurgence 318

Claudia Rankine Makes Black Lives Matter 320

The Broken Earth of N. K. Jemisin 326

Patricia Lockwood Sends Up the Church and the Family Romance 329

Headlining Feminism: From Rebecca Solnit to Beyoncé 332

Keeping Things Stirring 335

Epilogue: White Suits, Shattered Glass 345

Acknowledgments 355

Notes 359

Credits 413

Index 417

Editorial Reviews

04/26/2021

Literary critics Gilbert and Gubar analyze the cultural legacy of feminism’s second wave in this comprehensive if uneven update to The Madwoman in the Attic (1979). They place major works by Sylvia Plath, Diane DiPrima, and Audre Lorde in the cultural context of the 1950s and ’60s, and dive deep into the feminist literature of the ’70s, including the antipatriarchal writings of Kate Millett, the poetry of Adrienne Rich, and the speculative fiction of Ursula K. Le Guin. Reactionary conservatism inspired the emergence of queer theory in the ’90s, though the knotty philosophical formulations of scholars including Judith Butler and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick reflected a “growing divide between feminists inside the academy and those outside it.” Casting contemporary feminism as a resurgence of the second wave filtered through a broader set of concerns, Gilbert and Gubar discuss Rebecca Solnit’s response to mansplaining, Claudia Rankine’s emotional connections to the Black Lives Matter movement, and N.K. Jemisin’s environmentally centered feminist fantasies. The authors’ astute selections and skilled close readings are rewarding, but their devaluing of ideas that have emerged since the ’70s will frustrate younger feminists. Still, this is a well-informed and accessible survey of the literature of modern feminism. (Aug.)

Publishers Weekly

★ 08/01/2021

Gilbert and Gubar, renowned for their 1979 work of feminist literary theory The Madwoman in the Attic, here examine 70 years of work (1950–2020) by American women writers and theorists of feminism's second wave. They write that, despite social and political advancements, women remain "mad" at the enduring barriers that stymie their progress in many areas. Their book explores this "madness" and provides in-depth analysis of a wide range of literature and theory. The thoroughly researched chapters examine Margaret Atwood, Alison Bechdel, Judith Butler, Ursula Le Guin, Audre Lorde, Kate Millett, Toni Morrison, Sylvia Plath, and Adrienne Rich, among others. Gilbert and Gubar weave the political and social attributes of each decade into their literary analysis to illustrate how feminist thought and the nation changed under the societal transformations wrought by the civil rights movement, sexual revolution, Vietnam War, emergence of the New Right, Me Too movement, and other momentous events. Against these settings, writers challenged patriarchal norms and authority, the book argues. Later chapters discuss theories of intersectionality, poststructuralism, and trans identity that are reshaping feminist concepts along racial, ethnic, and linguistic lines. Despite challenges and social/political oscillations, this excellent book demonstrates the ways that feminism has persisted. VERDICT Highly recommended for anyone interested in American literature or women's studies.—Erica Swenson Danowitz, Delaware Cty. Community Coll. Lib., Media, PA

Library Journal

2021-06-05
Four decades after their influential book, The Madwoman in the Attic, Gilbert and Gubar offer a comprehensive, evolutionary update.

In their latest illuminating collaboration, the authors seek to show “how generations of literary women tapped the enigmas of their own lives to shape visions of cultural transformation.” In the 1950s, young women experienced “extraordinary confusions,” as their “lives reflected but also rebelled against the conformity of the decade.” “Feminism incubated” in the lives and writings of Sylvia Plath, Diane di Prima (the “feminist beatnik”), Gwendolyn Brooks, Lorraine Hansberry, and Audre Lorde. It continued to erupt in the 1960s, especially with Adrienne Rich’s politically engaged poetry and Nina Simone’s “ribald jokes and daring garb,” which reflected “a shift in both racial and sexual attitudes.” The sexual revolution and the maelstrom created by the Vietnam War brought forceful voices to the forefront in the works of Gloria Steinem and Helen Gurley Brown. Susan Sontag welcomed the rise of new forms of female eroticism and leftist politics while Joan Didion “would deplore them.” Gilbert and Gubar call 1968 “feminism’s annus mirabilis” as protests sparked the women’s liberation movement, here and abroad. Denise Levertov’s activist poetry and clashes between feminism and the Black Power movement captured the public’s attention. The 1970s brought the publication of Kate Millett’s “landmark” book of feminist literary criticism, the controversial Sexual Politics, and bestselling feminist-infused novels by Toni Morrison, Erica Jong, and Rita Mae Brown. Ms. magazine and Judy Chicago’s “celebratory artwork,” The Dinner Party, were born. In the 1980s and ’90s, feminism would take hold in “parts of the entertainment world and in the academy.” Andrea Dworkin took on sexual violence, and Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and Judith Butler battled the “hetero-/homosexual divide.” More recently, Claudia Rankine, N.K. Jemisin, and others have worked to create alliances with the Black Lives Matter movement. Gilbert and Gubar deftly explore decades of political and cultural history to fashion this timely and valuable book.

A well-rendered who’s-who guide to the contemporary women’s movement.

Kirkus Reviews

"These prolific and versatile women writers return to the field with incisive and redefining inquiries into the lives and work of diverse North American literary women... Gilbert and Gubar set their pinpoint elucidations within a richly dimensional context."

Booklist (starred review)

"Popular narratives of the modern women’s movement rightly emphasize the pamphlets, consciousness-raising groups, and protests that exposed and named the hidden injuries women experience in their lives. Missing from these stories are the extraordinary writers who created a new feminist literary tradition that revealed the rage and dreams of several generations of feminists. Still Mad, brilliantly curated by Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar, is an invaluable gift for understanding how great writers imagined a new and different future for women."

Ruth Rosen

"They’ve done it again! The personal, the political, the literary, the critical—the brilliant literary team of Gilbert and Gubar extend their foundational studies of women’s writing to encompass the twenty-first century. Tracing the key events and writers of the second wave of the women’s movement from the 1950s to the election of Biden and Harris, they map the tumultuous, explosive, and ongoing energies of American women’s writing. Make space on your bookshelf for this lively and indispensable volume."

Elaine Showalter