Structure and Properties of Aperiodic Materials

by Yoshiyuki Kawazoe (Editor), Yoshio Waseda (Editor)

Overview

The past few decades have witnessed remarkable growth and progress in our knowledge concerning the structure and properties of aperiodic systems at a microscopic level. The present volume provides a timely overview of the current state of the art on the structure, electronic and magnetic properties of aperiodic materials, including structural inhomogeniety. It also describes the theoretical calculation methodology. The subject is approached both from the basic science and the applied engineering points of view. Many references, illustrations and tables assist specialists and non-specialists alike to gain access to the growing body of essential information.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9783642056727
Publisher:	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publication date:	12/09/2010
Series:	Advances in Materials Research , #5
Edition description:	Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2003
Pages:	207
Product dimensions:	6.10(w) x 9.25(h) x 0.24(d)

Table of Contents

1 Electronic Structure in Aperiodic Systems H. Tanaka T. Fujiwara 1

1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Amorphous Metals 2

1.2.1 Model Atomic Structure 2

1.2.2 Calculation Scheme for Large Disordered Systems 3

1.2.3 Electronic Structure and Magnetism of Amorphous Alloys 10

1.2.4 Finite Temperature Theory 20

1.2.5 Transport Properties 26

1.2.6 Conclusion 31

1.3 Quasicrystals 31

1.3.1 Structures of Quasicrystals 31

1.3.2 Physical Properties and Electronic Structures 32

1.3.3 General Features of Electronic Structures in Realistic Quasicrystals 35

1.3.4 Electronic Structure in Quasicrystals 38

1.3.5 Transport Properties in Quasicrystals 46

1.3.6 Conclusion 49

1.4 Liquids 49

1.4.1 First-Principles Molecular Dynamics Simulations 49

1.4.2 Electronic Structures in Liquid Metals 51

1.4.3 Electronic Structures by First-Principles Molecular Dynamics 54

References 56

2 Novel Application of Anomalous Small-Angle X-ray Scattering to Characterization of Condensed Matter Y. Waseda K. Sugiyama A.H. Shinohara 63

2.1 Fundamentals 63

2.2 Experimental Procedure 66

2.3 Selected Examples for Anomalous X-ray Scattering 69

2.3.1 Particle Size Distribution 69

2.3.2 Nature of the Scattering Tail 72

2.3.3 Decomposition Process 75

2.3.4 Amorphous Metals 79

2.3.5 Partial Structure Function 82

2.3.6 Metallic Multilayers 86

2.4 Concluding Remarks 90

References 91

3 Icosahedral Clusters in Re(TM_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys K. Fukamichi A. Fujita T.H. Chiang E. Matsubara Y. Waseda 93

3.1 Atomic Structures and Magnetic Properties of Amorphous Alloys 94

3.2 Structural Characteristics of La(TM_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 97

3.2.1 NaZn₁₃-Type Crystal Structure 97

3.2.2 La(Fe_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 98

3.2.3 La(Ni_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 108

3.2.4 La(Co_1-xAl_x)₁₃ and La(Co_1-xMn_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 111

3.3 Theoretical Aspects of Magnetic Excitations and Spin Fluctuations in Itinerant-Electron Ferromagnets 114

3.3.1 Single-Particle Excitations 114

3.3.2 Collective Excitations 114

3.3.3 Spin Fluctuations at Finite Temperatures and Thermal Expansion Anomaly 117

3.4 Fundamental Magnetic Properties of La(TM_1-xAl_x)₁₃ and La(Co_1-xMn_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 119

3.4.1 La(Ni_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 120

3.4.2 La(Co_1-xAl_x)₁₃ and La(Co_1-xMn_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 132

3.4.3 La(Fe_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 140

3.5 Magnetovolume Effects in La(TM_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 156

3.5.1 Thermal Variation of Spin Fluctuation Amplitudes 156

3.5.2 Thermal Expansion Below and Above the Curie Temperature for La(Ni_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 157

3.5.3 Large Thermal Expansion Anomaly in La(Fe_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 162

3.6 Magnetoelastic Properties and Linear Magnetostriction of La(Fe_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 168

3.6.1 The ΔE Effect and Linear Magnetostriction 168

3.6.2 Forced-Volume Magnetostriction and Compressibility 177

3.7 Effects of Pressure on the Magnetic Properties of La(Fe_1-xAl_x)₁₃ Amorphous Alloys 181

3.7.1 Effect of Pressure on Magnetization 182

3.7.2 Effect of Pressure on the Curie Temperature 186

3.8 Concluding Remarks 190

List of Abbreviations and Symbols 192

References 194

Index 201