| Acknowledgments | ix |
| Preface | xi |
Chapter 1 | Understanding the Role of Contextualized Input, Output, and Interaction in Language Learning [Overview of Second-Language Acquisition Research] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 1 |
| Observe and Reflect | 15 |
| Observing a Child Interacting in His/Her Native Language | 15 |
| Observing a Beginning Language Class | 15 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 16 |
| Creating Real Conversational Models | 16 |
| Conducting a Cooperative Learning Task | 18 |
Chapter 2 | Contextualizing Language Instruction to Address Goals of the Standards for Foreign Language Learning [Overview of Standards for Foreign Language Learning] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 25 |
| Teach and Reflect | 37 |
| Developing a Learning Scenario | 37 |
| Contextualizing the Teaching of a Past Tense Grammar Point | 38 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 38 |
| Textbook Evaluation: A Look at the Use of Context in Exercises | 38 |
| Developing a Top-Down ESL Lesson | 43 |
Chapter 3 | Organizing Content and Planning for Integrated Language Instruction | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 48 |
| Teach and Reflect | 65 |
| Planning for Instruction | 65 |
| Developing a Content-Based Level 5 Foreign Language Class | 65 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 66 |
| Does the Class Scheduling Format Make a Difference? | 66 |
| Using Learners' Needs to Plan for Instruction | 70 |
Chapter 4 | Connecting Language Learning to the Elementary School Curriculum [Standards Goal Area: Connections] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 75 |
| Teach and Reflect | 93 |
| Designing a Content-Based Elementary School Lesson | 93 |
| Developing a Storytelling Lesson | 94 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 94 |
| Teaching First Grade Content in French | 94 |
| Implementing an Elementary School Language Program | 95 |
Chapter 5 | Integrating Language Study in the Middle School Curriculum [Standards Goal Area: Cultures] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 100 |
| Teach and Reflect | 111 |
| Unit and Lesson Design Around a Story, Myth, or Folktale | 111 |
| Developing Culture-Specific Examples of the Three Ps | 111 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 111 |
| Exploratory vs. Sequential Middle School Programs | 111 |
| Orderliness with Affection | 113 |
Chapter 6 | Using an Interactive Approach to Develop Interpretive Skills [Standards Goal Area: Communication, Interpretive Mode] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 119 |
| Teach and Reflect | 136 |
| Using the Interactive Model to Explore an Authentic Written Text | 136 |
| Using the Interactive Model to Explore an Authentic Taped Segment | 138 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 138 |
| But the Students Don't Understand What I'm Saying | 138 |
| Reading Aloud | 140 |
Chapter 7 | Using a Story-Based Approach to Teach Grammar [Standards Goal Area: Communication: Interpretive, Presentational] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 146 |
| Teach and Reflect | 164 |
| Examining Grammar Presentations in Textbooks | 164 |
| Designing a Story-Based Language Lesson | 164 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 165 |
| Using a Story-Based Language Approach to Teach Reflexive Verbs | 165 |
| Using Songs to Foreshadow Grammar | 166 |
Chapter 8 | Developing Oral Interpersonal and Presentational Communication [Standards Goal Area: Communication, Interpersonal Mode] | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 172 |
| Teach and Reflect | 210 |
| Creating Information-Gap Activities for Various Levels of Instruction | 210 |
| Integrating Speaking with Oral or Written Texts | 211 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 211 |
| Defining Groups for Cooperative Learning Activities | 211 |
| Friday Is Culture Day | 213 |
Chapter 9 | Developing Written Communication Skills Through Integration of the Three Modes | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 219 |
| Teach and Reflect | 247 |
| Designing an Interactive Homework Assignment for Elementary or Middle School Learners | 247 |
| Designing a Writing Activity for Secondary Levels or Beyond | 247 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 247 |
| A Writing Assignment That Doesn't Work | 247 |
| Integrating Peer Revision into the Writing Process | 249 |
Chapter 10 | Addressing Student Diversity in the Language Classroom | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 255 |
| Teach and Reflect | 281 |
| Designing a Lesson Appropriate for Diverse Learning Styles | 281 |
| Working within Communities | 282 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 282 |
| Preparing to Teach a Special Education Spanish I and II Class | 282 |
| Cultural Diversity in a Small Rural Community | 283 |
Chapter 11 | Assessing Language Performance in Context | 291 |
| Conceptual Orientation | 291 |
| Teach and Reflect | 310 |
| Analyzing and Adapting a Traditional Test | 310 |
| Adding an Authentic Dimension to a Performance-Based Assessment Task | |
| Discuss and Reflect | 312 |
| Developing Authentic Assessment Tasks and Rubrics | 312 |
| Using Audio Tapes for Oral Assessment | 314 |
Chapter 12 | Using Technology to Contextualize and Integrate Language Instruction | |
| Conceptual Orientation | 319 |
| Teach and Reflect | 348 |
| Selecting Video Materials | 348 |
| Examining the Potential Use of a TELL Exercise | 348 |
| Discuss and Reflect | 349 |
| Incorporating Video in Language Instruction | 349 |
| Creating a Template for Web-Enhanced Materials | 350 |