The Federal Budget Process 2e: A Description of the Federal and Congressional Budget Processes, including Timelines

by Megan Lynch, Bill Heniff, Thecapitol Net (Compiler)

Overview

Budgeting for the federal government is an enormously complex process. It entails dozens of subprocesses, countless rules and procedures, the efforts of tens of thousands of staff persons in the executive and legislative branches, and the active participation of the President, congressional leaders, Members of Congress, and members of the executive branch. This analysis shows the various elements of the federal budget process including the President's budget submission, framework, timetable, the budget resolution, reconciliation, the "Byrd Rule," appropriations, authorizations, and budget execution.

Congress is distinguished from nearly every other legislature in the world by the control it exercises over fashioning the government's budgetary policies. This power, referred to as "the power of the purse," ensures Congress' primary role in setting revenue and borrowing policies for the federal government and in determining how these resources are spent.

The congressional power of the purse derives from several key provisions in the Constitution.

Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (Power to tax and spend) declares in part that Congress shall have the power to raise (that is, "to lay and collect") revenues of various types, including taxes and duties, among other things.

Article I, Section 8, Clause 2 (Borrowing power) declares that the power to borrow funds "on the credit of the United States" belongs to Congress. In addition to its powers regarding revenues and borrowing, Congress exerts control over the expenditure of funds.

Article I, Section 9, Clause 7 declares in part that funds can be withdrawn from the Treasury only pursuant to laws that make appropriations.

Under the Constitution, revenue measures must originate in the House of Representatives. Beyond this requirement, however, the Constitution does not prescribe how the House and Senate should organize themselves, or the procedures they should use, to conduct budgeting. Over the years, however, both chambers have developed an extensive set of rules (some set forth in statute) and precedents that lay out complicated, multiple processes for making budgetary decisions. The House and Senate have also created an intricate committee system to support these processes.

As American society has grown and become ever more complex, and as the role of the federal government in the national economy has steadily expanded, Congress also has increasingly shared power over budgetary matters with the president and the executive branch. It has refashioned the president's role in budgeting by requiring him to submit to Congress each year a budget for the entire federal government and giving him responsibilities for monitoring agencies' implementation of spending and revenue laws. Accordingly, the president also exercises considerable influence over key budget decisions.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Custom On-Site Training
Understanding Congressional Budgeting and Appropriations, TCNUCBA.com
Advanced Federal Budget Process, TCNAFBP.com
Congressional Dynamics and the Legislative Process, TCNCDLP.com

Capitol Learning Audio Courses TM
Appropriations Process in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-043-1
Authorizations and Appropriations in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-029-6
The Federal Budget Process with Philip Joyce, ISBN 1-58733-083-0

For a detailed Table of Contents, see www.FederalBudgetProcess.com

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781587332937
Publisher:	TheCapitol.Net, Incorporated
Publication date:	06/19/2018
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	388
Sales rank:	927,501
Product dimensions:	8.25(w) x 11.00(h) x 0.80(d)

Table of Contents

1. Introduction to the Federal Budget Process

2. The Executive Budget Process: An Overview

3. The Executive Budget Process Timetable

4. The Congressional Budget Process: A Brief Overview

5. Budget Resolution Enforcement

6. Deeming Resolutions: Budget Enforcement in the Absence of a Budget Resolution

7. Legislating in Congress: Federal Budget Process

8. The Budget Reconciliation Process: Stages of Consideration

9. The Budget Reconciliation Process: The Senate's 'Byrd Rule'

10. The Congressional Appropriations Process: An Introduction

11. Allocations and Subdivisions in the Congressional Budget Process

12. Omnibus Appropriations Acts: Overview of Recent Practices

13. Appropriations Report Language: Overview of Development, Components, and Issues for Congress

14. Overview of the Authorization-Appropriations Process

15. Points of Order in the Congressional Budget Process

16. The Budget Control Act: Frequently Asked Questions

17. Budget 'Sequestration' and Selected Program Exemptions and Special Rules

18. Continuing Resolutions: Overview of Components and Recent Practices

19. Additional Resources

Federal Budget Links and Research Tools

Laws, web sites, and books

TCNBudget.com

Custom On-Site Training

Understanding Congressional Budgeting and Appropriations, TCNUCBA.com

Advanced Federal Budget Process, TCNAFBP.com

Congressional Dynamics and the Legislative Process, TCNCDLP.com



Capitol Learning Audio Courses TM

Appropriations Process in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-043-1

Authorizations and Appropriations in a Nutshell with James Saturno, ISBN 1-58733-029-6

The Federal Budget Process with Philip Joyce, ISBN 1-58733-083-0

For a detailed Table of Contents, see www.FederalBudgetProcess.com