The Rational Use of Cognitive Resources
A new approach to understanding irrational behavior that provides a framework for deriving new models of human cognition

What does it mean to act rationally? Mathematicians, economists, and statisticians have argued that a rational actor chooses actions that maximize their expected utility. And yet people routinely act in ways that violate this prescription. Our limited time and computational resources mean that it is often unrealistic to consider all options in order to choose the one that has the greatest utility. This book suggests a different approach to understanding irrational behavior: resource-rational analysis. By reframing questions of rational action in terms of how we should make the best use of our limited resources, the book offers a new take on fundamental questions at the heart of cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and the design of artificial intelligence systems.

The book presents a formal framework for applying resource-rational analysis to understand and improve human behavior, a set of tools developed by the authors to make this easier, and examples of how they have used this approach to revisit classic questions about human cognition, pose new ones, and enhance human rationality. The book will be a valuable resource for psychologists, economists, and philosophers as well as neuroscientists studying human brains and minds and computer scientists working to reproduce such systems in machines.

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The Rational Use of Cognitive Resources
A new approach to understanding irrational behavior that provides a framework for deriving new models of human cognition

What does it mean to act rationally? Mathematicians, economists, and statisticians have argued that a rational actor chooses actions that maximize their expected utility. And yet people routinely act in ways that violate this prescription. Our limited time and computational resources mean that it is often unrealistic to consider all options in order to choose the one that has the greatest utility. This book suggests a different approach to understanding irrational behavior: resource-rational analysis. By reframing questions of rational action in terms of how we should make the best use of our limited resources, the book offers a new take on fundamental questions at the heart of cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and the design of artificial intelligence systems.

The book presents a formal framework for applying resource-rational analysis to understand and improve human behavior, a set of tools developed by the authors to make this easier, and examples of how they have used this approach to revisit classic questions about human cognition, pose new ones, and enhance human rationality. The book will be a valuable resource for psychologists, economists, and philosophers as well as neuroscientists studying human brains and minds and computer scientists working to reproduce such systems in machines.

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The Rational Use of Cognitive Resources

The Rational Use of Cognitive Resources

The Rational Use of Cognitive Resources

The Rational Use of Cognitive Resources

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Overview

A new approach to understanding irrational behavior that provides a framework for deriving new models of human cognition

What does it mean to act rationally? Mathematicians, economists, and statisticians have argued that a rational actor chooses actions that maximize their expected utility. And yet people routinely act in ways that violate this prescription. Our limited time and computational resources mean that it is often unrealistic to consider all options in order to choose the one that has the greatest utility. This book suggests a different approach to understanding irrational behavior: resource-rational analysis. By reframing questions of rational action in terms of how we should make the best use of our limited resources, the book offers a new take on fundamental questions at the heart of cognitive psychology, behavioral economics, and the design of artificial intelligence systems.

The book presents a formal framework for applying resource-rational analysis to understand and improve human behavior, a set of tools developed by the authors to make this easier, and examples of how they have used this approach to revisit classic questions about human cognition, pose new ones, and enhance human rationality. The book will be a valuable resource for psychologists, economists, and philosophers as well as neuroscientists studying human brains and minds and computer scientists working to reproduce such systems in machines.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780691259949
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Publication date: 02/03/2026
Pages: 272
Product dimensions: 6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x (d)

About the Author

Falk Lieder is assistant professor of psychology at the University of California, Los Angeles. Frederick Callaway is postdoctoral researcher at New York University and Harvard University. Thomas L. Griffiths is professor of psychology and computer science at Princeton University and the coauthor of the books Algorithms to Live By and Bayesian Models of Cognition.

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

“This is an excellent book: clearly written, comprehensive (without being encyclopedic), and theoretically important. It will become a standard reference work.”—Samuel J. Gershman, author of What Makes Us Smart: The Computational Logic of Human Cognition

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