Chapter 1 | Plant Biology | 1 |
| Introduction to Soils | 1 |
| Soil pH and Fertility | 3 |
| Soil Types | 9 |
Chapter 2 | Plant Biology | 17 |
| Plant Responses | 17 |
| Turfgrass Plant Anatomy | 18 |
| Seeding Structures | 22 |
| Plant Roles in the Ecosystem | 27 |
| Turfgrass Environment | 28 |
Chapter 3 | Turfgrass Species | 33 |
| Turfgrass Zones and Species | 33 |
| Cool-Season Grasses | 36 |
| Kentucky Bluegrass | 36 |
| Rough-stalked Bluegrass | 42 |
| Annual Bluegrass | 42 |
| Perennial Ryegrass | 43 |
| Annual Ryegrass | 45 |
| Tall Fescue | 46 |
| Fine Fescues | 48 |
| Creeping Bentgrass | 49 |
| Warm-Season Grasses | 52 |
| Zoysia Grass | 52 |
| Bermuda Grass | 55 |
| St. Augustine Grass | 57 |
| Centipede Grass | 58 |
| Buffalo Grass | 59 |
Chapter 4 | Careers in Turfgrass | 61 |
| Golf Course Careers | 63 |
| Lawn Care Professions | 68 |
| Other Areas for Employment | 73 |
Chapter 5 | Cultural Practices | 81 |
| Mowing | 81 |
| Golf Course Mowing | 82 |
| Mowing Areas | 84 |
| Fertilizers | 88 |
| Fertilizer Types | 88 |
| Application Methods | 94 |
| Cool-Season Fertilization | 95 |
| Warm-Season Fertilization | 100 |
| Irrigation | 101 |
| Integrated Pest Management | 110 |
Chapter 6 | Turf Establishment | 113 |
| Seeding and Reestablishment of Turfgrass | 113 |
| Is Renovation the Answer? | 114 |
| New Installations | 125 |
| Sodding | 138 |
| Establishment of Warm-Season Grasses | 141 |
Chapter 7 | Residential and Homeowner Lawn Care Business | 145 |
| Finding and Servicing the Customer | 148 |
| Maintenance Schedule | 153 |
| Billing and Invoicing | 156 |
| Charges and Finance | 159 |
| Appearance | 161 |
| Special Residential Cultural Practices | 163 |
Chapter 8 | Commercial Lawn Care | 167 |
| Bids and Contracts | 171 |
| On the Job | 178 |
| Safety | 180 |
| Licenses and Taxes | 183 |
| Pesticide Treatments | 186 |
Chapter 9 | Turf in the Landscape | 191 |
Chapter 10 | Irrigation | 209 |
| Basic System Hardware | 209 |
| Controllers | 211 |
| Valves | 213 |
| Anti-Siphon Protection | 219 |
| Emission Devices | 221 |
| Maintaining a Commercial System | 223 |
| A Well-Manicured System | 223 |
| Drive-by Maintenance | 224 |
| Get on the Conservation Bandwagon | 226 |
| Irrigation Management | 229 |
| A Matter of Semantics | 229 |
| Managing a System Wisely | 232 |
| Got Dirt? | 233 |
| Scheduling Irrigation | 236 |
| You Can't Manage What You Can't Measure | 237 |
| Time is on Your Side | 240 |
Chapter 11 | Golf Course Management | 243 |
| Course Maintenance | 247 |
| Budgeting and Finance | 256 |
Chapter 12 | The Putting Green | 263 |
| The Art and Science of Turfgrass Management | 263 |
| Science | 264 |
| Mowing | 264 |
| Irrigation | 265 |
| Nutrition | 266 |
| Cultivation | 267 |
| Pest Control | 267 |
| Topdressing | 268 |
| About Green Speed | 269 |
| Cultural Practices and Circumstances That Influence Green Speed | 269 |
| Mowing | 269 |
| Rolling | 271 |
| Soil Moisture | 273 |
| Nutrition | 273 |
| Plant Growth Regulators | 276 |
| Winter Play? | 277 |
Chapter 13 | Fairways | 279 |
| The Importance of Fairways | 279 |
| Fairway Conversion | 280 |
| Reasons for Fairway Conversion | 281 |
| Benefits of Fairway Conversion | 281 |
| Equipment and Supplies | 283 |
| Table Steps | 284 |
| Maintenance | 288 |
| Bentgrass Fairway Care | 289 |
| Bluegrass Fairways | 290 |
| Maintenance of Poa Annua Fairways at 1/2 inch | 291 |
| Winter Damage | 291 |
| Spring | 293 |
| Mowing | 293 |
| Spring Aerification of Poa Annua Fairways | 296 |
| Herbicide Use on Poa Annua Fairways | 296 |
| Watering of Poa Annua Fairways | 297 |
| Damage to Poa Annua | 298 |
| Anthracnose (Colletotrichum graminicola) | 299 |
| Dollar Spot (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) | 300 |
| Pythium Blight | 300 |
| Summer Patch (Magnaporthe poae) | 301 |
| Insect Problems | 302 |
Chapter 14 | The Teeing Ground | 305 |
| The Teeing Ground Surface | 305 |
| Maintenance and Cultural Practices | 305 |
| Mowing | 306 |
| Irrigation | 307 |
| Nutrition | 307 |
| Cultivation and Topdressing | 308 |
| Pest Control | 310 |
| Practice Tee | 311 |
Chapter 15 | Topdressing | 315 |
| Introduction | 315 |
| Effective Sand Topdressing Programs | 317 |
| Benefits of Topdressing Putting Green Surfaces | 318 |
| Incorporating Sand into the Turf Canopy | 321 |
Chapter 16 | Soil and Water Testing | 325 |
| Soil | 325 |
| Soil as a Source of Plant Food | 326 |
| Soil Sampling | 327 |
| Irrigation Water Quality | 328 |
| Salt-Related Problems | 331 |
| Characteristics of Salt-Affected Soils | 332 |
| High pH, Carbonates, and Bicarbonates | 334 |
| Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR) | 335 |
| Electrical Conductivity (EC) | 335 |
| Ion Toxicity in Water | 336 |
| Long-Term Effects of Irrigation Water on Soils | 336 |
Chapter 17 | Pesticide Application | 339 |
| Testing and Licensing | 342 |
| Safety | 344 |
| Types of Pesticides | 356 |
| Application Equipment | 360 |
| Disposal of Chemicals | 364 |
Chapter 18 | Pest Management for Turfgrass | 371 |
| Weed Control | 373 |
| Disease Control | 378 |
| Insect Control | 383 |
| Other Pest Problems in Turfgrass | 388 |
Chapter 19 | Weeds Found inTurf and Landscapes | 395 |
| Weed Life Cycles: Annuals, Biennials, and Perennials | 398 |
| Weed Biology: Broadleaf Weeds, Grasses, and Sedges | 418 |
| Broadleaf Weeds Commonly Found in Turf and Landscapes | 421 |
| Grassy Weeds and Sedges Commonly Found in Turf and Landscapes | 443 |
| Weed Ecology and Cultural Ways of Controlling Weeds | 467 |
Chapter 20 | Basic Chemical and Pesticide Principles | 475 |
| Pesticide Formulations | 478 |
| Chemical and Pesticide Safety Information-Using an MSDS Form | 504 |
| Understanding the Chemical/Pesticide Label | 516 |
| Environmental Impact of Chemicals and Pesticides | 521 |
| Alternative Fates of a Pesticide | 524 |
| Pesticide Mobility | 526 |
| Economic and Aesthetic Pest Thresholds | 528 |
Chapter 21 | Disease Problems and Fungicides Used in Turfgrass | 537 |
| Disease Problems in Turf | 538 |
| Fungicide Families and Modes of Action | 562 |
| Control Strategies for Turfgrass Diseases | 569 |
| Index | 579 |