Victorian Sensation: The Extraordinary Publication, Reception, and Secret Authorship of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation

by James A. Secord

Overview

Fiction or philosophy, profound knowledge or shocking heresy? When Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation was published anonymously in 1844, it sparked one of the greatest sensations of the Victorian era. More than a hundred thousand readers were spellbound by its startling vision--an account of the world that extended from the formation of the solar system to the spiritual destiny of humanity. As gripping as a popular novel, Vestiges combined all the current scientific theories in fields ranging from astronomy and geology to psychology and economics. The book was banned, it was damned, it was hailed as the gospel for a new age. This is where our own public controversies about evolution began.

In a pioneering cultural history, James A. Secord uses the story of Vestiges to create a panoramic portrait of life in the early industrial era from the perspective of its readers. We join apprentices in a factory town as they debate the consequences of an evolutionary ancestry. We listen as Prince Albert reads aloud to Queen Victoria from a book that preachers denounced as blasphemy vomited from the mouth of Satan. And we watch as Charles Darwin turns its pages in the flea-ridden British Museum library, fearful for the fate of his own unpublished theory of evolution. Using secret letters, Secord reveals how Vestiges was written and how the anonymity of its author was maintained for forty years. He also takes us behind the scenes to a bustling world of publishers, printers, and booksellers to show how the furor over the book reflected the emerging industrial economy of print.

Beautifully written and based on painstaking research, Victorian Sensation offers a new approach to literary history, the history of reading, and the history of science. Profusely illustrated and full of fascinating stories, it is the most comprehensive account of the making and reception of a book (other than the Bible) ever attempted.
Winner of the 2002 Pfizer Award from the History of Science Society

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780226744117
Publisher:	University of Chicago Press
Publication date:	10/20/2003
Edition description:	1
Pages:	624
Sales rank:	924,505
Product dimensions:	6.00(w) x 9.00(h) x 1.50(d)

About the Author

James A. Secord is Reader in the Department of the History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge. He is author of, among others, Controversy in Victorian Geology, editor of the Chicago edition of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation and Other Evolutionary Writings, and coeditor of Cultures of Natural History.

Table of Contents

List of Illustrations
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Prologue: Devils or Angels
Part One: Romances of Creation
1. A Great Sensation
2. Steam Reading
3. Evolution for the People
4. Marketing Speculation
Part Two: Geographies of Reading
5. Conversations on Creation
6. Science in the City
7. Church in Danger
8. The Holy War
Part Three: Spiritual Journeys
9. Sinners and Saints
10. Self-Development
11. Anonymity
Part Four: Futures of Science
12. The Paradoxes of Gentility
13. Grub Street Science
14. Mammon and the New Reformation
Epilogue: Lifting the Veil
References
Illustration Credits
Index

Editorial Reviews

Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation was one of the Victorian era's bestsellers. In England in the 1840s, everyone was reading it: aristocrats, students, barmaids, farmers. Those who couldn't read were having it read to them, and everyone was discussing it over tea or ale. Pre-Darwinian, the book shocked and titillated readers by suggesting that the planets and stars had their origin in a blazing fire-mist and that life on earth had evolved. University of Cambridge's Secord traces the history of science in Victorian times and translates the wacky theories in Vestiges into modern, accessible language; he also outlines a history of reading and publishing in 19th-century England. We learn, for example, that in the two decades before the publication of Vestiges, English bookmakers began experimenting with more identifiable bindings. Publishers were wary of new, untested novelists but churned out cheap volumes of nonfiction, many of them on scientific themes. Early in the century, working-class people read primarily religious works, radical political pamphlets and astrology guides, but in the 1830s they began devouring scientific treatises, boning up on phrenology and physiology. Secord also shows how a small army of writers and editors managed to profit from Vestiges--writers were paid top rates to review the book; scientific periodicals began flying off the stands after the book appeared. In addition, a plethora of outraged responses to the perceived sacrilege provide a printed microcosm of the West's longstanding battle between science and religion. Secord's book is an exemplar of nuanced, scholarly curiosity--i.e., he delivers a brief study of the phenomenon of sensation in the 19th century--and clear, understated prose. Anyone interested in English history or the histories of science or literature shouldn't miss it. Illus. throughout. (Feb.) Copyright 2001 Cahners Business Information.

Publishers Weekly - Publisher's Weekly

The publication in 1844 of Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation caused a tremendous stir among the general educated public, organized religion, and the scientific community. Secord (history and philosophy of science, Cambridge Univ.; Controversy in Victorian Geology) details all aspects of its publication and reception, including the social history, role of reading, histories of evolution and printing, and interplay between religion and science. Vestiges is often regarded as a precursor to Charles Darwin's The Origin of Species, but the author ably demonstrates that it has its own important place in history. Its publication really did create a sensation owing to its controversial subject matter, philosophy, and anonymous authorship (revealed to be Robert Chambers years after publication), and the book was widely read, debated, condemned, and praised. This account will satisfy bibliophiles and readers with interest in science, publishing, and Victorian society and is essential for library collections encompassing these subjects.--Joyce L. Ogburn, Univ. of Washington Libs., Seattle Copyright 2000 Cahners Business Information.

Library Journal

was published anonymously in 1844, sparking one of the Victorian era's greatest controversies. Its account of the world, which extended from the formation of the solar system to the spiritual destiny of humanity, drew on current scientific theories in fields ranging from astronomy to psychology. Secord, (University of Cambridge) uses the story of to create a panoramic portrait of life in the early industrial era from the perspective of its readers. He reveals how was written and how the anonymity of its author was maintained for 40 years. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Booknews

A remarkably thorough yet accessible look at the reception of an unlikely Victorian bestseller. In this ambitious study, Secord (History and Philosophy of Science/Cambridge) attempts to capture some of what Carlyle called the "inward condition of Life" of the Victorians through a meticulous scrutiny of all facets of a work largely unknown to us today, Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation. Published anonymously in London in 1844, this seminal volume of popular science was the Harry Potter of its day: beyond going into 14 editions and selling more than 40,000 copies in Britain alone, the work crossed international borders (with multiple translations into German and Dutch, and a vast popularity in the US) and reached across class lines with dramatic effect. Secord's interest in the content of the book itself takes a backseat as he tackles both the production and reception of this precursor to Darwin with the roundabout acuity and patience of Miss Marple solving a village murder. He delves into the private correspondence of literati and commoner alike and unearths contemporary book reviews and political cartoons. What results is a surprisingly vivid picture of that most abstract phenomenon, culture formation. Conscientious research aside, the most pleasing aspect of this mammoth empirical undertaking is that the conclusions here are earned, not forced. The author's assertions stem from his research, and not, as is too often the case in literary study, the other way around. Secord powerfully reminds us that reading is a creative act and that history, quite literally, is only what we make of it. A path-breaking work for scholars of reader-response theory and culturalanthropology-anda riveting read for Victorian buffs and those interested in the history of popular science.

Kirkus Reviews