Interviews
On April 30, 1998, barnesandnoble.com was pleased to welcome Cokie Roberts to our Authors@aol series to talk about her new book, WE ARE OUR MOTHERS' DAUGHTERS. Roberts is coanchor of ABC's "This Week" and an ABC special correspondent covering politics, Congress, and public policy. She is also a news analyst for National Public Radio and writes a syndicated newspaper column.
LeightonBN: Mrs. Roberts! Welcome to our (modest little) spotlight.
Cokie Roberts: Thanks for having me. I'm delighted to join you.
LeightonBN: If you're all set to start, why don't we turn it over to the audience?
Cokie Roberts: Absolutely.
Question: Is "Cokie" short for anything?
Cokie Roberts: My name is Mary Martha Corinne Morrison Claiborne Boggs Roberts. You figure it out.
Question: Regarding your column of last April portending the erosion of representational Democracy by the Internet: Am I to understand that you prefer the filtering of national debate through a tiny Washington clique of professional politicians and reporters to the empowerment of the grassroots to frame their own issues?
Cokie Roberts: Of course not. What I am suggesting is that there needs to be deliberation and a balancing of regional interests. When everyone just votes by polling, there's no opportunity for leadership, education, etc. Many issues are complex in their impact on different regions, different economic classes, etc. Just registering "aye" or "nay" doesn't do it.
Question: Did you ever consider following your mother's and father's examples and going into politics?
Cokie Roberts: I met my husband when I was 18 years old, and it was always his life's ambition to be a journalist. So it would have been very difficult for him if I had become an activist. Then I discovered that I, too, love journalism and think I can perform a public service there as well. Although there are plenty of politicians who would dispute that.
Question: Welcome, Ms. Roberts. Missed your "Imus" appearance. How did it go?
Cokie Roberts: He could not have been more gracious and polite.
Question: Do you write your own commentary for NPR and ABC as the congressional analyst?
Cokie Roberts: "Write" is too strong a term. I outline what I am going to say when there is a set situation, like the interviews with Bob Edwards on NPR or Peter Jennings on ABC. Otherwise, I just talk. If there is a scripted piece with audio or videotape inserts, yes, I write that. All correspondents do.
Question: What are some of the things you as a female journalist have had to overcome? How about Hillary Clinton's statements in Connecticut today that demeaning male comments should be met with humor?
Cokie Roberts: I didn't hear about Hillary Rodham Clinton's statement. She's probably right, depending on how demeaning and what the circumstances are. The biggest problems I've had to overcome as a female journalist were internal: getting hired, getting promoted, getting good assignments, etc. I have never had a problem with people I'm covering.
Question: What do you think about David Brinkley's decision to play pitcher for Archers Daniel Midland?
Cokie Roberts: David Brinkley is a man I admire greatly, and a person for whom I have a great deal of affection. It seems to me that he has come in for a great deal more criticism than a lot of other people who are still practicing journalists who do ads. David is retired. But I do think it was a mistake to run the ads on our program, because it was confusing.
Question: The founder of Mount Holyoke College, Mary Lyon, wanted to do for young women what Harvard and Yale did for young men. Sex is no longer a barrier for attending these schools. As a Wellesley graduate, do you think single-sex educational institutions are still valid at the end of the 20th century?
Cokie Roberts: Yes. In fact, much to my surprise, we find that most of the high-achieving women went to women's schools, still. I expected that would change a generation after coeducation, but it has not. When I went to Wellesley, there was, of course, no opportunity for girls to go to most of the Ivy League schools. What I found was that I got a far better education there than my male counterparts were getting at prestigious male institutions. I'm not sure that's as true today, just because a lot of smart girls now go to coed schools. By the way, it's not just the Seven Sisters schools that produce successful women. Many of the women in Congress went to small Catholic women's colleges and received both a fine education and the special sense of achievement that those schools provide.
Question: Do you get more complaints from Republicans or Democrats on your reporting? Do they feel you are biased?
Cokie Roberts: It's about equal. These days it's more from Democrats, because they feel that press criticism of Bill Clinton's behavior should cease.
Question: The New York Times had a fairly prominent article on Jane Harmon's campaign for governor in California the other day. They suggested that her sex might act as the clincher for whether she won or lost. Your thoughts?
Cokie Roberts: California has a more significant female majority in the electorate than other states. Females are in the majority everywhere; I just can't remember at the moment how much more so they are in California. Also, the state has shown a willingness to elect two female senators. However, the last female candidate for governor, Kathleen Brown, went into the election with a sizeable lead in the polls and blew it. My take on the New York Times piece was that the same thing could happen to Jane Harmon unless she started talking issues, and that women in particular were tired of the "I'm one of the girls" routine.
Question: What has 24-hour broadcasting (CNN, CNBC, and the Internet) done to broadcast journalism? Have you felt the changes yourself?
Cokie Roberts: There is definitely pressure to get it faster, harder, etc. We have found, however, that the frustration of being unable to break a story until the evening news is now obviated by the reality that you get almost the same credit by putting it on the Web.
Question: Will we ever be able to leave behind the days of spin doctors and polls to determine what to say and/or do?
Cokie Roberts: I'm not entirely sure I understand the question. We certainly can determine what to say or do without any help from anybody. If the question is whether the politicians can do that, the answer lies in the politician. If an officeholder uses polls to determine where the public is on something, and uses spin doctors to learn what language is effective in communicating with the voters on an issue, that's okay. It's essentially a neutral exercise. The problem comes when the politician decides what to think based on those facts. If he/she knows that there's a course to pursue and uses the data to learn how to bring the people along, then that's an effective use of leadership. If polls are used to decide where to stand on an issue, that shows an unprincipled politician.
Question: In your book you speak frankly about your sister death's and reveal a vulnerable side to the congressional sharpshooter you're recognized as. How is a woman to balance being taken seriously in the world without sacrificing the softer side of her being that's sensitive to the bigger picture?
Cokie Roberts: I think we all can do it. And I appreciate greatly your understanding of what I was writing about. You don't have to be nasty or mean to show that you are intelligent. Both in public and private you can let people know that you care, and frankly, after all these years I think it only works for you to show what kind of person you are, assuming you're a nice person.
Question: Why hasn't the women's movement come to the aid of Paula Jones? Are they forgiving of Clinton's possibly boarish behavior simply because they think he's better for women overall?
Cokie Roberts: Yes, in a nutshell. But in my view, it's even worse than that. It's because they are partisan Democrats and they are standing by their man. I recommend the Marjorie Williams piece in this month's Vanity Fair.
Question: Finish this sentence for us: "A woman's place is in..."
Cokie Roberts: Wherever it needs to be at that point in time. Women need to be in many places, often in many places at once. Women often find that they need and/or want to be in the workplace, need and/or want to be at home, need and/or want to be with a friend in the hospital, at school, etc. Sometimes we have the luxury to do those things at the right time for us and for our families. Sometimes life hits you between the eyebrows and forces you to adjust. My mother certainly didn't expect my father's plane to disappear over Alaska when he was 58 and for her to be elected to Congress at 57. I certainly didn't expect my sister to die at the untimely age of 51, and me to take care of her for that last year, while I was doing TV and radio. Life forces places on you. What I hope women will take from my book is the encouragement that they are right in their choices, that they are capable of juggling -- because women have been doing it from time out of mind -- and that they should celebrate their roles as nurturers and carriers of the culture. And to understand that there's no such thing as one choice. We make new choices all the time as new circumstances present themselves.
LeightonBN: Thanks so much for joining us, Cokie. It's been informative and a lot of fun. Goodnight.
Cokie Roberts: Thanks so much for having me; I liked it. Goodnight.