Genealogies of the West presents a new look at the West by tracing the still-recognizable footprints of the past and reflecting on the present challenges it faces. Through a review of its rich and often controversial history, it recalls the genealogies of the plural processes, ideas, characters, and events that structure the West’s tradition and identity, and their presence nowadays. It shows the faces of the Modernity and its most relevant achievements—such as the state, capitalism, science, technology, ideologies, and enlightenments—and how they are being revised nowadays by postmodernity. This helps readers gain perspective, gives clues for understanding the complexities of the past, challenges some pre-assumed historical inaccuracies, identifies its weight and presence in the present, and projects these thoughts toward the future.