Table of Contents

Section 1 Anatomy and embryology - Respiratory System - Bony Thorax - Rib Characteristics and Costovertebral Articulations - Anterior Thoracic Wall - Anterior Thoracic Wall (Continued) - Anterior Thoracic Wall: Internal View - Dorsal Aspect of Thorax - Dorsal Aspect of Thorax: Posterior and Lateral Views - Course and Relations of Intercostal Nerves and Arteries - Diaphragm: Viewed from Above - Topography of Lungs: Anterior View - Topography of Lungs: Posterior View - Medial Surface of Lungs - Bronchopulmonary Segments - Bronchopulmonary Segments in Relationship to Ribs - Relations of Trachea and Main Bronchi - Bronchial Arteries - Mediastinum: Right Lateral View - Mediastinum: Left Lateral View - Innervation of Lungs and Tracheobronchial Tree - Structure of Trachea and Major Bronchi - Intrapulmonary Airways - Structure of Bronchi and Bronchioles – Light Microscopy - Ultrastructure of Tracheal, Bronchial, and Bronchiolar Epithelium - Bronchial Submucosal Glands - Intrapulmonary Blood Circulation - Fine Structure of Alveolar Capillary Unit:  Ultrastructure of Pulmonary Alveoli and Capillaries - Fine Structure of Alveolar Capillary Unit (Continued): Type II Alveolar Cell and Surface-Active Layer - Fine Structure of Alveolar Capillary Unit (Continued): Pulmonary Vascular Endothelium - Lymphatic Drainage of the Lungs and Pleura - Lymphatic Drainage of the Lungs and Pleura: Distribution of Lymphatics - Pulmonary Immunology; Lymphocytes, Mast cells, Eosinophils, Neutrophils Development of Lower Respiratory System 1-33 Developing Respiratory Tract and Pharynx 1-34 Respiratory System at 5 to 6 Weeks 1-35 Respiratory System At 6 to 7 Weeks 1-36 Larynx, Traceobronchial Tree, and Lungs at 7 to 10 Weeks 1-37 Sagittal Section At 6 to 7 Weeks 1-38 Transverse Section At 5 to 8 Weeks 1-39 Diaphragm at 5 to 6 Weeks 1-40 Terminal Air Tube 1-41 Alveolar-Capillary Relationships At Age 8 Years 1-42 Surfactant Effects 1-43 Physiology of the Perinatal Pulmonary Circulation Section 2 physiology Pulmonary Mechanics and Gas Exchange 2-1 – 2-21 - Muscles of Respiration - Spirometry: Lung Volume and Measurement - Determination of Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) - Forces During Quiet Breathing - Measurement of Elastic Properties of Lung - Surface Forces In Lung - Elastic Properties of Respiratory System: Lung and Chest Wall - Distribution of Airway Resistance - Patterns of Airflow - Expiratory Flow - Forced Expiratory Vital Capacity Maneuver - Work of Breathing - Pleural Pressure Gradient and Closing Volume - Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow - Pulmonary Vascular Resistance - Pathways and Transfers of O2 and CO2 - Blood Gas Relationships During Normal Ventilation and Alveolar Hypoventilation - Ventilation – Perfusion Relationships - Shunts - Oxygen Transport - Role of Lungs and Kidneys in Regulation of Acid-Base Balance 2-22 Response to Oxidant Injury Lung Metabolism 2-23 Inactivation of Circulating Vasoactive Substances 2-24 Activation of Circulating Precursors of Vasoactive Substances Control and Disorders of Respiration 2-25 Chemical Control of Respiration (Feedback Mechanism) 2-26 Neural Control of Breathing 2-27 Respiraotry Response to Exercise 2-28 Effects of High Altitude on Respiraotry Mechanism 2-29 Hyperventilation and Hypoventilation 2-30 Periodic Breathing (Cheyne-Stokes) 2-31 Sites of Pathologic Disturbances in Control of Breathing Section 3 Diagnostic Procedures 3-1 – 3-3 Tests of Pulmonary Function Radiologic Examination of the Lungs 3-4 Normal Posterior-Anterior (PA) and Lateral Views of Chest 3-5 Lateral Decubitus View 3-6 Technique of Helical Computerized Tomography (CT) 3-7 Right Bronchial Tree as Revealed by Bronchograms 3-8 Left Bronchial Tree as Revealed by Bronchograms 3-9 Pulmonary Angiography 3-10 Images from a PET-CT Scanner 3-11 Patterns of Lobar Collapse: Right Lung (After Lubert and Krause) 3-12 Patterns of Lobar Collapse: Left Lung (After Lubert and Krause) 3-13 Aveolar Versus Interstitial Disease 3-14 Distri