eBook
Related collections and offers
Overview
Foul Deeds & Suspicious Deaths Around Uxbridge takes the reader on a sinister and sad journey through centuries of local crime and conspiracy, meeting victims and villains of all sorts along the way. There is no shortage of harrowing—and revealing—incidents of evil and despair to recount from the earliest recorded history of the Uxbridge district up to the present day.
Jonathan Oates’s fascinating research has uncovered some grisly events and unsavory individuals whose conduct throws a harsh light on the history of this suburban area west of London. His book records crime and punishment in all its dreadful variety. Among many acts of violence and wickedness are the burning to death of five Protestant martyrs and the execution of a turbulent priest in Tudor times, a family massacred at Denham in 1870, and several brutal murders that have never been solved or explained. Cases that stand out as particularly shocking or bizarre include a son who was killed by his mother, a woman who died after an illegal operation, the Uxbridge tea-shop murder of 1951, and a man tried for manslaughter and later murder in West Drayton, who committed suicide two decades later.
This chronicle of Uxbridge’s hidden history will be compelling reading for anyone who is interested in the local history of the area and in the dark side of human nature.
Product Details
| ISBN-13: | 9781783408726 |
|---|---|
| Publisher: | Pen & Sword Books Limited |
| Publication date: | 02/20/2019 |
| Series: | Foul Deeds & Suspicious Deaths |
| Sold by: | Barnes & Noble |
| Format: | eBook |
| Pages: | 160 |
| File size: | 3 MB |
About the Author
Read an Excerpt
CHAPTER 1
Uxbridge and its Environs
It is impossible to offer anything resembling a complete history of Uxbridge and its environs in a few pages and the interested reader will note a number of books for further reading in the bibliography. What shall be attempted here is a very brief introduction to a few salient facts about the district's past. The places to be briefly described here are those within the modern borough of Hillingdon, notably Uxbridge, Ruislip, Northwood, West Drayton, Yiewsley, Hayes and Harefield.
For most of its history, the district was rural and by twenty-first-century standards, very sparsely populated. At the time of the Domesday survey in 1086, there were a number of small hamlets here. There was the manor of West Drayton, with a population of about 100. The manor of Ruislip was also in existence. During the Middle Ages, however, Uxbridge became the foremost settlement in the area, though it was part of the manor of Colham and a chapelry of Hillingdon, with St John's as its parish church. This was partly because of its location; being by the river Colne, it was along the main road from London to Oxford, the Oxford Road, later the Uxbridge Road. It also became a market town by virtue of a royal charter, and the centre of manorial administration in the thirteenth century. Flour milling and brewing became Uxbridge's major industries. In Tudor times, West Drayton was the home of courtiers such as William Paget. The Revd Henry Gold of Hayes involved himself in the dangerous game of religious controversy in this period, too, though to tragic effects, as noted in Chapter 3.
In the seventeenth century, national events affected Uxbridge. There were a number of outbreaks of plague; in 1603, 176 people died of it and in 1625, there were another 136 fatalities. But the great plague of 1665 'only' killed 40 inhabitants. Most in these localities seemed to be sympathetic to the Parliamentary cause in the Civil Wars, at least judging by the protestation rolls, where men attested their loyalty. In 1645, the two sides in the Civil War tried to make a peace treaty here, at a house later known as the Treaty House, though without success. In 1688, there was panic in Uxbridge caused by Irish soldiers deserting James II's army as the invading William of Orange advanced towards London. It was feared that these desperate men would attack the town, though happily this was not the case. Uxbridge's local prominence was noted by Daniel Defoe in the early eighteenth century, thus: 'a pleasant large market town, famous in particular, for having abundance of noble seats of gentlemen and persons of quality in the neighbourhood'. John Loveday, an eighteenth-century antiquarian, noted the Crown as Uxbridge's premier inn.
Most in the district were employed in agriculture, until the early twentieth century. But many worked in the brickfields in the eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, too. Giles Hutson recalled that these itinerant workers were rough and troublesome, especially when drunk. In 1861, 175 men in Yiewsley and West Drayton were 'brickies' and 238 worked in farming. By the 1930s, the brickfields were coming to the end of their existence, but farms persisted throughout this period. The completion of the Grand Junction Canal in 1805 facilitated the brick industry as it meant the finished article could be cheaply and easily sent to London to be used in the building trade; and rubbish, including manure, was sent back, thus fertilizing the cultivated land.
Schooling was limited until the nineteenth century. Private academies flourished, but the church was involved in schooling from the early Victorian era. St Matthew's School in Yiewsley opened in 1872. One of its pupils was Sarah Higgs (see Chapter 13). By 1835, there were five day schools in Uxbridge and five boarding schools. Many schools were single-sex schools, such as Miss Jenning's school for young ladies and the Cave House School, which prepared boys for the professions and universities. Clergymen often ran schools, and the Revd Sturmer taught at one in Hayes in the late 1830s, though with unhappy results as shall be seen in Chapter 8.
Until the late nineteenth century, these villages were very dark at night-time. Yiewsley Vestry did not agree to having gas lights in the High Street and Horton Road until 1897. Some thought that these lights were merely for the convenience of the councillors. Yet street lighting was rarely lit after midnight – to tragic consequences in south Ruislip in 1954 (see Chapter 20).
Although working hours were long, social life played an important part in most people's lives. Indoor entertainments included concerts and theatricals, both by amateurs and by travelling companies. The first cinema came to Yiewsley in 1911. There were also sports clubs; such as the West Drayton Cricket Club, founded in the 1870s. In the nineteenth and early twentieth century, there were hunt meets beginning in West Drayton and Ruislip. Membership of the Uxbridge Yeomanry appealed to those with a taste for playing at soldiers in the nineteenth century.
The villages in the district then were small rural settlements. In 1801, 951 people lived in Harefield, in 1891 the population was still under 2,000. Northwood, which was part of the parish of Ruislip, was smaller still, with 711 souls as late as 1891. Ickenham's and Cowley's populations were only in their hundreds by the end of the century, too. One reason for the small growth in population was that the villages here were relatively isolated from the outside world. There was a halt on the Great Western Railway at West Drayton from 1838 and a branch line from here to Uxbridge in 1856 (closing in 1962). This made very little difference. Life expectancy was low in any case; in West Drayton it was about 33 in 1866.
Charles Harper, in 1907, made a number of comments about the rural nature of these places, but he also hints about potential changes that the near future might bring. 'Ruislip is a very queer, old-world place, that until quite recently was actually four miles from a railway station'. Of Hayes, he wrote, 'still one of the most rural villages in this remarkably rural county of Middlesex. Hayes is beautiful. The surrounding country is flat, and was until quite recent times an uncultivated waste.' Finally, 'Uxbridge up to now has resolutely refused to be modernised; but now with the terminus of the electric tramway at the extreme end of its High Street and a new railway station just beyond – well, we shall see.'
It was at the turn of the century that developments in transport began to become more significant. The extension of the tramway from Shepherd's Bush as far as Uxbridge in 1904 was one of these. The GWR Line (Central Line in 1948) was extended to West Ruislip in 1906 and the Metropolitan Line to Uxbridge in 1904. At first these lines were used by hikers and day trippers coming into the country for their Sunday treat. But it was now also possible to live in the suburbs and work in London, which had not been the case hitherto. The 'Metroland' of Sir John Betjeman now beckoned.
Local government grew in its powers. Ruislip-Northwood Urban District Council was formed in 1904 from the civil parish of Ruislip. Uxbridge Rural District Council administered Harefield, Ickenham, Hillingdon, Cowley and, until 1928, Northolt. They took over responsibility for public health, town planning and roads, amongst other matters. Apart from Uxbridge (in 1955), however, none ever became an incorporated borough, as some nearby authorities, such as Southall, did.
The First World War had a major effect here, as elsewhere. Charles Mills, MP for Uxbridge, was killed in action in 1915. From Yiewsley, there were 120 fatalities, out of a total of 530 who enlisted. A searchlight unit was established at West Drayton, in case there was any bombing. Railway lines were guarded for fear of saboteurs. Neither of these dangers ever materialized.
Between the World Wars, the population of Uxbridge and its environs, as with the rest of Middlesex, expanded rapidly. But it developed in different ways. Hayes, West Drayton and Yiewsley, being situated by the GWR, and a branch of the Grand Union Canal, became centres of industry. Nestles, Kraft and EMI located in Hayes. Briggs, a contemporary chronicler, described Hayes thus:
Round the station rises the largest group of modern factories in Middlesex, one firm alone employing some fifteen thousand hands ... The straggling main road north and south is a seething mass of cosmopolitan humanity and becomes almost impassable when the midday and evening whistles release an army of workers on bicycles.
A booklet produced in 1939 noted that Yiewsley and West Drayton 'is becoming increasingly prosperous, both from a residential and commercial standpoint'. There was much that was unpleasant – the new sludge works erected at Heathrow by the county council covered 250 acres, and the 'large and unpleasant refuse-dump' at Yiewsley were hardly amenities. The latter, though, was a useful place to conceal corpses, as shall be seen in Chapter 17.
Ruislip and Northwood were described by Briggs, respectively, as 'a veritable gem among villages' and 'one of the loveliest villages in the country'. In part this was because over 1,000 acres of woodland and other spaces, including an artificial lake of 80 acres, had been preserved from being built upon. These included Mad Bess Wood and Copse Wood. According to Briggs, writing of Northwood, 'it appears conventional, prosperous, and ordinary, with a strong bias towards golf'. Yet 'the standard of new building in Ruislip is far above the average, thanks to wise direction and artistic taste. Even the modern shops along the High Street are less blatant than usual, and the new post office is charming.'
Uxbridge was still the most important town in the locality, and its transport links were improved in 1938, by the Metropolitan and Piccadilly branches of the Underground railway having their termini here. Markets were still being held here twice weekly. As Briggs wrote in the 1930s:
The 'quiet village' of Ickenham is now disturbed by a constant thunder of builders' lorries. Opposite the village church you can get a permanent wave or buy gramophone records, or even imbibe 'morning coffee'. Hillingdon is no less sophisticated and Harefield is rapidly following suit.
Yet some of the countryside was being preserved, with 1,200 acres of open spaces in the Uxbridge urban district.
Suburban growth was a feature of the 1920s and 1930s, as it was for much of northern and western Middlesex, as some Londoners relocated from the dense city. In 1921, Uxbridge's population was 10,643; by 1951 it was 55,960. Ruislip-Northwood's growth was even higher; from 9,112 in 1921 to 68,238 in 1951. Between 1931 and 1961, Yiewsley and West Drayton's population nearly doubled to 23,723 by the latter date and Hayes's almost trebled, reaching 68,915 in 1961.
Council housing increased in this period. Yiewsley council had 246 houses built near Falling Lane for just over £100,000 in total. In Ruislip-Northwood 445 council houses had been built by 1939. Private housing also increased. The West Drayton Garden City included six-roomed houses for £450, though in Ruislip they were often nearly twice this. Publicity brochures stressed that these houses were 'a grand retreat for jaded city workers' and emphasized their rural aspect, despite the fact that their very building eroded the former considerably.
In 1938, there was the possibility of another World War and trenches and air-raids shelters began to be built in that year. The Blitz of 1940 – 1 was less felt in these western suburbs than in central London, but 32 people were killed and 146 houses were destroyed in Ruislip and Northwood and another four people and seventeen houses were lost in the flying bomb attacks of 1944. In Uxbridge, several people were tragically killed by the bullets of an RAF fighter pursuing a German bomber. Uxbridge was the centre of No. 11 Fighter Group and information was sent from here in order to direct fighter aircraft in southeast England.
This part of Middlesex was traditionally Conservative, but as with many other places, the election of 1945 saw the dominance of the Labour Party. Frank Beswick, for instance, was the Labour MP for Uxbridge from 1945 to 1959. Another major feature of the post-war era was the establishment of Heathrow Airport, which opened in 1946. Although this provided employment and helped keep the rates in Yiewsley and West Drayton down, it also proved to be a major source of both pollution and noise. There was an American Air Force base in south Ruislip from 1949 to the 1970s and personnel came under suspicion when Jean Townsend was murdered nearby in 1954 (see Chapter 20).
Rapid growth of housing was not a general feature of the post-war world, because there was relatively little land to build upon, except in Yiewsley and West Drayton, and southwards expansion was curtailed because of Heathrow. Town-planning schemes in Uxbridge were well under way in the 1950s; government offices were built in Bakers Road, but much of the old town, such as the attractive Cross Street, was demolished.
CHAPTER 2Law and Order in and around Uxbridge
I do not know why those should ever have been styled the 'good old days'. Sheer ignorance, without a doubt. ... Indeed they were very bad, and we ought to be particularly thankful that we merely read about and do not live in them; for they were, in short, little more than times of battle, murder and sudden death. (Charles Harper, Rural Nooks around London, 1907)
Crime and disorder, like the poor, are constants in human societies, and this district is no different from any other. Crime is first recorded here in the sixteenth century. Lewis Jones of London stole clothes and other goods from Hugh Nevill of Uxbridge in 1571. These were valued at 25 shillings and Jones was hanged. Fifteen years later there was another incident which proved lethal. Five Uxbridge men were 'fighting together in the highway at Woxbridge [Uxbridge] with swords and staves. When John Bradley tried to stop them, he was hit over the head and slain.' Although no one was killed in the next example, which occurred in 1576, it was clearly seen as dangerous:
at Ruyslippe Co. Midd., Arthur Reynolds, husbandman ... [and others] ... all of Ruyslippe aforesaid, Thomas Darcye of Woxbridge yoman, and Thomas Davye taylor Roger Okeley, yoman, Thomas Harker husbandman, William Raynar, husbandman, and Richard Parsonne husbandman, all seven of Woxbridge aforesaid, with unknown malefactors to the number of a hundred, assembled themselves unlawfully and played a certain unlawful game, called football, by reason of which unlawful game, there rose amongst them a great affray, likely to result in homicides and serious accidents.
Criminal activity was not just the prerogative of the poor. In 1561, the Revd Peter Welthowe, vicar of Hillingdon, with a group of others, all armed, broke into John Newdegate's property at Harefield and damaged his crops and fields. Oddly enough, Welthowe was still vicar at Hillingdon until 1564.
Yet murder was uncommon. In 1602, John Pemmer, a gardener of West Drayton, 'administered in a potion a certain quantity of the powdered root of White Elebore to Anne, wife of Robert Fisher of Harlington'. He persuaded her it was a remedy for her sickness, so she took more and eventually died. He was not charged with murder because his victim had willingly taken it. A more serious charge was that against Elizabeth Roberts of West Drayton in 1601. She practised 'witchcraftes, enchauntments charmes and sorceries' on Richard Yerley, a 4 year old, who died. Three other children were also allegedly killed by her witchcraft. Oddly enough, these deaths occurred in the early 1590s, but she was not charged until later. The sentence passed is unknown, but witchcraft was then punishable by death.
Giles Hutson, writing in the late nineteenth century, recalled that there were a large number of burglaries in Uxbridge, and that drunkenness was common. He wrote, of brick makers and navvies, in the 1830s:
Money with these men at that time, at least during summer, was abundant, and their love of beer being great they indulged largely, and scenes of riot and violence were common. There being no police force many men were to be found on the following Sunday morning in the Market House or the neighbouring yards sleeping off the previous evening's debauch. It was no uncommon event for them to wake from their drunken sleep, get up and, if they had money left, go to the public house and then more drink ... Then they would quarrel and fight again.
The local forces to combat these crimes may seem pitifully inadequate. Since the Middle Ages, one or two constables were chosen to police each parish. In the early nineteenth century, two nightwatchmen were appointed in Uxbridge to supplement their efforts. They walked the streets at night, each armed with a heavy stick and carrying a lantern. They called out the time and the weather and visited public houses. All this gave any criminals advance warning of their presence, enabling them to flee. These nightwatchmen were figures of fun. Hutson recalled:
on one occasion the watchman, enclosed in his box, was laid with the door of the box downwards where he had ignominiously to remain until some person passed by who was willing to assist him to get on his legs again. This watchbox was somewhat similar but not so substantial as the sentry boxes which are placed about government offices for the soldier on duty to retire to when the weather is bad, and was chained to the iron railings outside the Old Bank.
(Continues…)
Excerpted from "Foul Deeds & Suspicious Deaths Around Uxbridge"
by .
Copyright © 2008 Jonathan Oates.
Excerpted by permission of Pen and Sword Books Ltd.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of visitors to this web site.
Table of Contents
Title Page,
Copyright Page,
Acknowledgements,
Other murders known to have been committed in and around,
Uxbridge from the sixteenth century to 1962,
Introduction,
CHAPTER 1 - Uxbridge and its Environs,
CHAPTER 2 - Law and Order in and around Uxbridge,
CHAPTER 3 - A Turbulent Priest, 1529 – 1534,
CHAPTER 4 - The Uxbridge Martyrs, 1555,
CHAPTER 5 - Marital Strife in Harefield, 1784,
CHAPTER 6 - A Regency Whodunit, 1816,
CHAPTER 7 - Horrid and Mysterious Murder near Uxbridge, 1837,
CHAPTER 8 - A Schoolboy Stabbing in Hayes, 1839,
CHAPTER 9 - The Second Stabbing in 1839,
CHAPTER 10 - Murder in Uxbridge, 1869,
CHAPTER 11 - A Family Butcher, 1870,
CHAPTER 12 - The Hayes Tragedy, 1884,
CHAPTER 13 - Who Murdered Sarah Higgs? 1895,
CHAPTER 14 - Murder or Suicide? 1899,
CHAPTER 15 - Dreadful Murder at Yiewsley, 1899,
CHAPTER 16 - The Uxbridge Gas Chamber, 1906,
CHAPTER 17 - Disappearance at Yiewsley, 1933,
CHAPTER 18 - Murder without Motive? 1937,
CHAPTER 19 - The Assailant who Never was, 1938,
CHAPTER 20 - Murder by Person or Persons Unknown, 1954,
CHAPTER 21 - Spies in Suburbia, 1961,
CHAPTER 22 - Manslaughter, Murder and Suicide, 1962,
Conclusion,
Bibliography,
Index,