Table of Contents
Preface xi
Special Features xii
Audience xii
Acknowledgments xiii
About the Author xv
1 Being a Leader 1
Defining Leadership 1
"Leadership Is a Trait" 2
"Leadership Is an Ability" 2
"Leadership Is a Skill" 2
"Leadership Is a Behavior" 2
"Leadership Is a Relationship" 3
Global Leadership Attributes 3
Practicing Leadership 5
Summary 5
References 5
1.1 Conceptualizing Leadership Questionnaire 6
1.2 Observational Exercise 8
1.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 9
2 Recognizing Your Traits 11
Historical Leaders: What Traits Do These Leaders Display? 12
George Washington (1732-1799) 12
Harriet Tubman (c. 1820-1913) 13
Eleanor Rossevelt (1884-1962) 14
Winston Churchill (1874-1965) 15
Mother Teresa (1910-1997) 15
Nelson Mandela (1932-) 16
Bill Gates (1954-) 17
Oprab Winfrey (1954-) 18
Summary 19
Leadership Studies: What Traits Do Effective Leaders Exhibit? 20
Intelligence 20
Confidence 21
Charisma 22
Determination 23
Sociability 23
Integrity 24
Summary 25
References 26
2.1 Leadership Traits Questionnaire 28
2.2 Observational Exercise 31
2.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 33
3 Recognizing Your Philosophy and Style of Leadership 35
What Is Your View of Human Behavior at Work? 36
Theory X 36
Theory Y 38
Styles of Leadership: Authoritarian, Democratic, and Laissez-Faire 40
Authoritarian Leadership Style 41
Democratic Leadership Style 42
Laissez-Faire Leadership Style 42
Box 3.1 Leadership on the Silver Screen 43
What Is Your Style of Leadership? 45
Summary 46
References 47
3.1 Leadership Styles Questionnairs 48
3.2 Observational Exercise 50
3.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet51
4 Attending to Tasks and Relationships 53
What Is Your Personal Style? 54
Task-Oriented Style 54
Relationship-Oriented Style 55
What Kind of Leader Are You? 55
Task Leadership 56
Relationship Leadership 57
Task and Relationship Leadership 58
Summary 58
References 58
4.1 Task and Relationship Questionnaire 59
4.2 Observational Exercise 61
4.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 63
5 Developing Leadership Skills 65
What Are Your Core Leadership Skills? 65
Administrative Skills 66
Interpersonal Skills 69
Conceptual Skills 74
Summary 79
References 79
5.1 Leadership Skills Questionnaire 81
5.2 Observational Exercise 83
5.3 Reflections and Action Worksheet 85
6 Creating a Vision 87
What Are the Characteristics of a Vision? 88
A Picture 88
A Change 89
Values 89
A Map 90
A Challenge 90
How Is a Vision Articulated? 91
Box 6.1 "I Have a Dream," by Martin Luther King, Jr. 92
Box 6.2 Inaugural Address, by President John Fitzgerald Kennedy 94
How Is a Vision Implemented? 96
Box 6.3 Marathon of Hope 97
Summary 98
References 98
6.1 Leadership Vision Questionnaire 100
6.2 Observational Exercise 102
6.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 103
7 Setting the Tone 105
Provide Structure 105
Clarify Norms 106
Build Cohesiveness 107
Promote Standards of Excellence 110
Summary 116
References 117
7.1 Setting the Tone Questionnaire 118
7.2 Observational Exercise 120
7.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 121
8 Listening to Out-Group Members 123
Who Is the Out-Group? 124
Why Do Out-Groups From? 124
What Is the Impact of Out-Groups? 126
How Should a Leader Respond to Out-Groups? 129
Strategy 1 Listen to Out-Group Members 129
Strategy 2 Show Empathy to Out-Group Members 129
Strategy 3 Recognize the Unique Contributions of Out-Group Members 130
Strategy 4 Help Out-Group Members Feel Included 132
Strategy 5 Create a Special Relationship With Out-Group Members 132
Strategy 6 Give Out-Group Members a Voice and Empower Them to Act 133
Summary 134
References 134
8.1 Responding to Members of the Out-Group Questionnaire 136
8.2 Observational Exercise 138
8.3 Reflections and Action Worksheet 139
9 Overcoming Obstacles 141
Obstacle 1 Unclear Goals 142
Obstacle 2 Unclear Directions 143
Obstacle 3 Low Motivation 144
Box 9.1 Car GPS Systems-You Gotta Love 'Em 145
Help Others Feel Competent 146
Help Others Get What They Expect 146
Help Others Value What They Do 147
Obstacle 4 Complex Tasks 147
Obstacle 5 Simple Tasks 148
Obstacle 6 Low Involvement 149
Obstacle 7 Lack of a Challenge 150
Summary 151
References 151
9.1 Path-Goal Styles Questionnaire 152
9.2 Observational Exercise 154
9.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 155
10 Addressing Ethics in Leadership 157
Ethical Leadership Is About the Character of the Leader 159
Ethical Leadership Is About the Actions of the Leader 161
Ethical Leadership Is About the Goals of the Leader 163
Ethical Leadership Is About the Honesty of the Leader 164
Ethical Leadership Is About the Power of the Leader 166
Ethical Leadership Is About the Values of the Leader 167
Box 10.1 Live Strong-Lance Armstrong's Story 169
Summary 169
References 170
10.1 Core Values Questionnarie 172
10.2 Observational Exercise 174
10.3 Reflection and Action Worksheet 177
Index 179
Questionnaries 187