Table of Contents
Preface to the Second Edition xiii
Introduction: The Global Context of Industrial America xvii
Chronology xxv
Glossary xxix
1 Economic Life 1
Introduction 1
Major Industry Transformations 2
Textiles 5
Steel 15
Meatpacking 20
Reconstruction and the South 27
Taxation, Tariffs, and the "Money Question" 29
The City 31
Conclusion: Railroads and Economic Life 35
Document: Isaac L. Peebles, "Politeness of Passengers on the Train,' 1899 39
Document: Jane Leary, "The Shoeworker of Lynn," Interview Conducted in 1939 40
2 Political Life 45
Introduction 45
Reconstruction in the South 48
Machine Politics in the North 53
Political Policy Challenges and Responses 55
The Development of Social Welfare Programs 67
Building Railroads and Building Resentment 73
Conclusion: The Great Uprising of 1877 77
Document: Frederick Douglass, "Lessons of the Hour," 1894 80
Document: Benjamin R. Tillman, Speech to Congress, 1900 82
3 Material Life 87
Introduction 87
Housing and Class 88
Food 96
Alcohol and Drug Consumption 103
Department Stores and Mail-Order Catalogs 109
Advertising 112
Clothing and Fashion 113
Looking Backward and Consumer Culture 117
Document: Catherine Beecher and Harriet Beecher Stowe, "Pure Air," 1869 119
Document: Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward, 1888 121
Document: Theodore Dreiser, Carrie and the Department Store, 1900 122
4 Domestic Life 125
Women's Work: The Ideology of Separate Spheres 126
"Calling Her Women Together": Labor and Delivery in the Home 129
The Creation of Childhood 130
Bringing up Baby in the Upper-Middle-Class Home 132
Flower Children and Play 133
Play and Work among Urban, Working-Class Children 134
Working-Class Children and Social Control 137
Courtship and Marriage 138
Women's Responsibilities: A Typical Week 147
Working Out and Managing Domestic Servants 153
Life in Death and Death in Life: Mourning and Funerals 156
Conclusion 159
Document: Annie Holmes Ricketson, Journal Excerpts, 1871-1874 160
Document: Eunice Beecher, "Management of Infants," 1881 161
5 Intellectual Life 167
Introduction: The Growth of Public Networks 167
The Rise of Public Education Systems 168
Women's Education 176
Medical Care: Industrial-Era Challenges and Limited Progress 180
The Institutionalization of Science 187
The Growth of Print Culture 188
Novels of the Industrial Era 192
Conclusion 198
Document: Zitkála-Šá, "The School Days of an Indian Girl,' 1884 198
Document: Jane Addams, Twenty Years at Hull-House, 1910 199
6 Recreational Life 205
Introduction 205
The Class Contours of Recreation 206
Physical Recreation 210
Public Amusements 215
Traveling Shows 220
Conclusion: The Golden Age of Bicycling 225
Document: I. G. Blanchard, "Eight Hours/' 1878 228
Document: Cyrus Edson, "Do We Live Too Fast?" 1892 229
7 Religious Life 233
Introduction 233
Religion in the Industrial Era 234
Protestantism 235
Roman Catholicism 238
Protestant-Catholic Conflict 239
Judaism 240
New Denominations and Sects 242
Religious Holidays 244
Civic Life in the Industrial Era 250
The Black Church in the South 257
Document: Mary Baker Eddy, Science and Health, 1875 260
Document: Mark Twain, "Christian Science and the Book of Mrs. Eddy," 1899 260
Conclusion: Not the Gilded Age 265
Works Cited 267
Index 283
