Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Shanghai's January Revolution

Shanghai’s January Revolution was a highly visible and, by all accounts, crucially important event in China’s Cultural Revolution. Its occurrence, along with the subsequent attempt to establish a “commune” form of municipal government, has greatly shaped our understanding both of the goals originally envisaged for the Cultural Revolution by its leaders and of the political positions held by the new corps of Party leaders thrust upward during its course—most notably Chang Ch’un ch’iao. At this interpretive level, the events in Shanghai seem to embody in microcosm the issues and conflicts in Chinese politics during the Cultural Revolution as a whole, while at the same time shaping our conception of what these larger issues and conflicts were. At the more general, theoretical level, however, the events in Shanghai provide us with an unusual opportunity (thanks to Red Guard raids on Party offices) to view the internal workings of the Party organization under a period of stress and to observe unrestrained interest group formation and mass political conflict through the press accounts provided by these unofficial groups themselves. The January Revolution thus provides us with an opportunity to develop better our more abstract, theoretical understanding of the functioning of the Chinese political system and the dynamics of the social system in which it operates. [1]

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Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Shanghai's January Revolution

Shanghai’s January Revolution was a highly visible and, by all accounts, crucially important event in China’s Cultural Revolution. Its occurrence, along with the subsequent attempt to establish a “commune” form of municipal government, has greatly shaped our understanding both of the goals originally envisaged for the Cultural Revolution by its leaders and of the political positions held by the new corps of Party leaders thrust upward during its course—most notably Chang Ch’un ch’iao. At this interpretive level, the events in Shanghai seem to embody in microcosm the issues and conflicts in Chinese politics during the Cultural Revolution as a whole, while at the same time shaping our conception of what these larger issues and conflicts were. At the more general, theoretical level, however, the events in Shanghai provide us with an unusual opportunity (thanks to Red Guard raids on Party offices) to view the internal workings of the Party organization under a period of stress and to observe unrestrained interest group formation and mass political conflict through the press accounts provided by these unofficial groups themselves. The January Revolution thus provides us with an opportunity to develop better our more abstract, theoretical understanding of the functioning of the Chinese political system and the dynamics of the social system in which it operates. [1]

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Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Shanghai's January Revolution

Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Shanghai's January Revolution

by Andrew Walder
Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Shanghai's January Revolution

Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Shanghai's January Revolution

by Andrew Walder

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Overview

Shanghai’s January Revolution was a highly visible and, by all accounts, crucially important event in China’s Cultural Revolution. Its occurrence, along with the subsequent attempt to establish a “commune” form of municipal government, has greatly shaped our understanding both of the goals originally envisaged for the Cultural Revolution by its leaders and of the political positions held by the new corps of Party leaders thrust upward during its course—most notably Chang Ch’un ch’iao. At this interpretive level, the events in Shanghai seem to embody in microcosm the issues and conflicts in Chinese politics during the Cultural Revolution as a whole, while at the same time shaping our conception of what these larger issues and conflicts were. At the more general, theoretical level, however, the events in Shanghai provide us with an unusual opportunity (thanks to Red Guard raids on Party offices) to view the internal workings of the Party organization under a period of stress and to observe unrestrained interest group formation and mass political conflict through the press accounts provided by these unofficial groups themselves. The January Revolution thus provides us with an opportunity to develop better our more abstract, theoretical understanding of the functioning of the Chinese political system and the dynamics of the social system in which it operates. [1]


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780472901807
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Publication date: 08/06/2020
Series: Michigan Monographs In Chinese Studies
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 150
File size: 1 MB

About the Author

Andrew G. WALDER is Denise O'Leary and Kent Thiry Professor in the School of Humanities and Sciences.

Table of Contents

Cover

Title

Copyright

Contents

Preface

Abbreviations

I. Introduction

II. Chang Ch'un-ch'iao's Political and Organizational Background

Ts'ao Ti-ch'iu's Political and Organizational Background

III. The Cultural Campaign: May-August 1966

IV. Ts'ao Ti-ch'iu and the Early Red Guard Movement in Shanghai

Shanghai Red Guard Opposition to the MPC

The Spiral of Conflict: Peking Red Guards Enter Shanghai

Internal MPC Debates about Dissident Red Guards

Mao's Self-Clarification: The October Party Work Conference

V. The Central Dilemma: Revolution and Production

Workers Enter the Cultural Revolution--The Anting Incident

The MPC's Arguments against Worker Organizations

The Development of Mass Factionalism and the Paralysis of Municipal Government

The "Liberation Daily" Incident and the Polarization of Factions

Ts'ao's Abdication and the Development of Anarchy

Sources of Popular Discontent

The Worker-Peasant System

Youth Mobilization System

Apprentices

Sent-down Permanent Workers and Suburban Peasants

Permanent Workers

Food, Commodity Shortages and Increased Unemployment

CCRG Decision of December 26

The Scarlet Exodus and General Strike

The Effects of Economism

VII. Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and the January Revolution

Stage One--Establishing a Rationale for Action

Stage Two--Strike-Breaking and Political Organizing

The Deterioration of Chang's Mass Support

Stage Three--The Commune/Revolutionary Committee

VIII. Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and the Politics of Demobilization

Halting Attacks on Industrial and Administrative Cadres

Returning Students to School

Resolving the Issue of Worker Economic Demands

Restoring Order in Shanghai's Neighborhoods

Shanghai in the Summer of 1967

Interpretive Shifts

The January Revolution

Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and Chinese "Radicalism"

Organizational Structure and Political Conflict

Social Structure and Political Conflict

Chang Ch'un-ch'iao and the Politics of Social Change

Chronology of Events

Notes

Sources

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