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Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850
Daniel Vickers examines the shifting labor strategies used by colonists as New England evolved from a string of frontier settlements to a mature society on the brink of industrialization. Lacking a means to purchase slaves or hire help, seventeenth-century settlers adapted the labor systems of Europe to cope with the shortages of capital and workers they encountered on the edge of the wilderness. As their world developed, changes in labor arrangements paved the way for the economic transformations of the nineteenth century. By reconstructing the work experiences of thousands of farmers and fishermen in eastern Massachusetts, Vickers identifies who worked for whom and under what terms. Seventeenth-century farmers, for example, maintained patriarchal control over their sons largely to assure themselves of a labor force. The first generation of fish merchants relied on a system of clientage that bound poor fishermen to deliver their hauls in exchange for goods. Toward the end of the colonial period, land scarcity forced farmers and fishermen to search for ways to support themselves through wage employment and home manufacture. Out of these adjustments, says Vickers, emerged a labor market sufficient for industrialization.
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Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850
Daniel Vickers examines the shifting labor strategies used by colonists as New England evolved from a string of frontier settlements to a mature society on the brink of industrialization. Lacking a means to purchase slaves or hire help, seventeenth-century settlers adapted the labor systems of Europe to cope with the shortages of capital and workers they encountered on the edge of the wilderness. As their world developed, changes in labor arrangements paved the way for the economic transformations of the nineteenth century. By reconstructing the work experiences of thousands of farmers and fishermen in eastern Massachusetts, Vickers identifies who worked for whom and under what terms. Seventeenth-century farmers, for example, maintained patriarchal control over their sons largely to assure themselves of a labor force. The first generation of fish merchants relied on a system of clientage that bound poor fishermen to deliver their hauls in exchange for goods. Toward the end of the colonial period, land scarcity forced farmers and fishermen to search for ways to support themselves through wage employment and home manufacture. Out of these adjustments, says Vickers, emerged a labor market sufficient for industrialization.
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Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850

Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850

by Daniel Vickers
Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850
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Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850

Farmers and Fishermen: Two Centuries of Work in Essex County, Massachusetts, 1630-1850

by Daniel Vickers

Overview

Daniel Vickers examines the shifting labor strategies used by colonists as New England evolved from a string of frontier settlements to a mature society on the brink of industrialization. Lacking a means to purchase slaves or hire help, seventeenth-century settlers adapted the labor systems of Europe to cope with the shortages of capital and workers they encountered on the edge of the wilderness. As their world developed, changes in labor arrangements paved the way for the economic transformations of the nineteenth century. By reconstructing the work experiences of thousands of farmers and fishermen in eastern Massachusetts, Vickers identifies who worked for whom and under what terms. Seventeenth-century farmers, for example, maintained patriarchal control over their sons largely to assure themselves of a labor force. The first generation of fish merchants relied on a system of clientage that bound poor fishermen to deliver their hauls in exchange for goods. Toward the end of the colonial period, land scarcity forced farmers and fishermen to search for ways to support themselves through wage employment and home manufacture. Out of these adjustments, says Vickers, emerged a labor market sufficient for industrialization.

Product Details

ISBN-13: 9780807839959
Publisher: Omohundro Institute and UNC Press
Publication date: 01/01/2014
Series: Published by the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture and the University of North Carolina Press
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 372
File size: 8 MB

About the Author

Daniel Vickers is currently Chair of the Maritime Studies Research Unit at Memorial University of Newfoundland.

What People are Saying About This

From the Publisher

Making effective use of narrative and statistical evidence, Vickers skillfully traces the evolution of farming and fishing in Essex County, Massachusetts, from 1630 to 1850. . . . A first-rate work.—Choice

An incisive study of changing dynamics in the social relations of colonial New Englanders.—New England Quarterly

A splendid book. . . . A superior work of historical scholarship.—William and Mary Quarterly

One of the best works yet written on early American economy and society. Its intelligence and sophistication is matched by its clarity and accessibility. . . . It deserves to be read by all historians of early America, and it sets a very high standard for future studies of this kind to match.—Reviews in American History

Vickers's depiction of the working life of farmers and fishermen makes this book an especially valuable contribution to labor history, providing an excellent analysis of the experience of common people in an era of capitalist transformation.—Journal of Interdisciplinary History

Provides insight into the working relationships of individuals, as well as to the broader pattern of transformation of labor into capitalism. This well-written book is an important contribution to the new labor history of America.—Journal of the Early Republic

Farmers and Fishermen is an original and significant addition to the literature on economic development in Puritan New England. . . . At the core of this study is a deep and illuminating understanding of Puritan accomplishment and struggle, and how those struggles shaped New England, sometimes ironically, into a re-creation of so much of the world the Puritans left behind during the Great Migration.—Technology and Culture

Rich in detail, convincing in argument, and broad in its implications, Farmers and Fishermen is at once a superb study of the capitalist transformation of the fishing industry and an important addition to the existing literature on the farm economy of New England. Vickers's coherent analysis of two centuries of economic development will immediately become the point of departure for subsequent scholarship. An impressive achievement!—James A. Henretta, University of Maryland, College Park

Farmers and Fishermen is an extraordinary account of 'Adam's curse' in New England—how Puritans worked, by land and by sea, how they built a new society by the sweat of their collective brow. Had Max Weber read it, he would have thought differently about the Protestant work ethic. But this is not the only triumph of the book; Daniel Vickers has here explained the deepest inner workings of New England society. He has also given the greatest form of early American history, the community study, a new sophistication and a new originality.—Marcus Rediker, University of Pittsburgh

Meticulously researched, cogently argued, and beautifully written, this is—quite simply—the best study available on patterns of work and economic development in early New England.—Stephen Innes, University of Virginia

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Sports
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Hunting & Fishing
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