Neuropsychology of Epilepsy and Epilepsy Surgery

by Gregory P. Lee

Overview

This book provides essential information about the variety of seizure disorders and serves as a basic epilepsy reference guide for students and practicing clinical neuropsychologists. In addition to epilepsy neuropsychological assessment issues, the book provides an overview of the known cognitive effects of seizures as well as the adaptive, emotional, and psychiatric consequences of epilepsy including a chapter on psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Diagnostic tests, such as EEG and structural neuroimaging, are described and the leading treatment options are detailed with a chapter on pharmacologic therapies which reviews the known cognitive and behaivoral side effects of specific antiepileptic drugs. Many of the more rare epilepsy disorders have been included in the appendices for quick and easy reference. The book also details the role of neuropsychology within the epilepsy surgery process including pre-and post-surgery cognitive evaluations, cortical stimulation mapping, functional neuroimaging, and intracarotid amobarbital (Wada) procedures and reviews the major surgical treatment options used in the intractable epilepsies. Case examples are dispersed throughout the text with neuropsychological results as heuristic aids. The book concludes with a glossary of epilepsy terms.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780190451738
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	03/01/2010
Series:	AACN Workshop Series
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
File size:	2 MB

About the Author

After earning a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, Dr. Gregory P. Lee completed postdoctoral fellowships in Neuropsychology at the University of Houston, in conjunction with Baylor College of Medicine, and University of Wisconsin Medical School. He is board-certified in Clinical Neuropsychology by the American Board of Professional Psychology and American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology and is a fellow of the American Psychological Association and National Academy of Neuropsychology. Dr. Lee is a tenured Professor of Neurology in the School of Medicine, School of Allied Health, and School of Graduate Studies at the Medical College of Georgia where he is Director of the Adult Neuropsychology Service, Director of Training for the postdoctoral fellowship program in clinical neuropsychology, and Director of Research in the School of Allied Health. In addition to overseeing neuropsychological services for general neurology, epilepsy, and neurosurgery patients, Dr. Lee performs cortical stimulation mapping, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and intracarotid amobarbital (Wada) procedures for the Epilepsy Surgery Program. Professor Lee is also an active researcher (> 150 publications) primarily in the areas of epilepsy and epilepsy surgery. Dr. Lee has been elected to the Board of Directors of the American Board of Clinical Neuropsychology and serves on the executive committee of the Amercian Board of Professional Psychology.

Table of Contents

PREFACE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PART ONE MEDICAL ASPECTS OF EPILEPSY FOR NEUROPSYCHOLOGISTS Chapter 1 Introduction Definitions Epidemiology Etiology Role of Neuropsychologist in Epilepsy Role of Neuropsychologist in Epilepsy Surgery Chapter 2 Classification of Epilepsy Disorders Tradition Classification of Seizure Disorders Partial Seizure Disorders Simple Partial Seizures Complex Partial Seizures Generalized Seizure Disorders Absence Seizures Tonic-Clonic Seizures Epidemiology of Seizure Disorders Etiology of Seizure Disorders Chapter 3 Epilepsy Syndromes Localization-Related Epilepsies Idiopathic Localization-Related Symptomatic Localization-Related Symptomatic Reflex Epilepsies Temporal Lobe Epilepsies Frontal Lobe Epilepsies Parietal Lobe Epilepsies Occipital Lobe Epilepsies Crytogenic Localization-Related Epilepsies Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes Idiopathic Generalized Syndromes Childhood Absence Epilepsy Juvenile Absence Epilepsy Cryptogenic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome Symptomatic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes Undetermined Epilepsy Syndromes Acquired Epileptic Aphasia Continuous Spike-Waves during Slow Sleep Special Syndromes Febrile Convulsions Isolated Status Epilepticus Epidemiology of Epilepsy Syndromes Etiology of Epilepsy Syndromes Non-Epileptic Seizures Sudden Unexplained Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) Chapter 4 Diagnostic Tests in Epilepsy Electrophysiology Interictal Scalp Recordings EEG Patterns in Partial Epilepsies EEG Patterns in Generalized Epilepsies Structural Neuroimaging in Epilepsy Chapter 5 Medical (Non-Surgical) Treatment of Epilepsy Pharmacological Therapies Older Antiepileptic Drugs Newer Antiepileptic Drugs Antiepileptic Drug Adverse Effects Antiepileptic Drugs in Women Pregnancy / Teratogenic Effects AED Treatment in Children Cognitive&Behavioral Effects Review of Specific Antiepileptic Drugs Use of AEDs in Bipolar Disorder Suicidality and Antiepileptic Drugs Ketogenic Diet Chapter 6 Neuropsychological Assessment in Epilepsy Selection of Neuropsychological Tests Factors Contributing to Cognitive Decline Confounding Factors in Test Interpretation Cognitive Deficits in Epilepsy Attention ADHD Memory Intelligence Language Visual-Perceptual&Spatial Functions Executive Functions Childhood Learning Disabilities Quality of Life Assessment Driving Issues in Epilepsy Case Example: Preoperative Cognitive Testing Chapter 7 Psychological and Psychiatric Disorders in Epilepsy Risk Factors Mood Disorders Anxiety Disorders Psychotic Disorders Personality Disorders Interictal Behavioral Syndrome of TLE Epilepsy-Specific Psychological Disorders Chapter 8 Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures (PNES) Diagnosis2 Prevalence Etiology Symptoms Assessment Treatment PART TWO SURGICAL TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY Chapter 9 Neuropsychological Assessment in Epilepsy Surgery Preoperative Neuropsychological Assessment Purposes of Preoperative Assessment Lateralization&Localization Risk for Postoperative Impairment Establish a Baseline Prediction of Seizure Control Postoperative Neuropsyhological Assessment Case Example: Right Temporal Lobectomy Chapter 10 Other Neuropsychological Procedures in Epilepsy Surgery Intracarotid Amobarbital (Wada) Procedure Wada Testing in Children Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Electro-Cortical Stimulation Mapping Case Example: Wada Predicts Amnesia Chapter 11 Medical Aspects of Epilepsy Surgery Criteria for Surgical Evaluation Diagnostic Evaluation for Epilepsy Surgery Noninvasive Video-EEG Monitoring Magnetic Resonance Iimaging (MRI) Functional Neuroimaging Monitoring with Intracranial Electrodes Epilepsy Surgery Procedures Vagus Nerve Stimulation Anterior Temporal Lobectomy Frontal Lobectomy Parietal Lobecotomy Occipital Lobectomy Lesionectomy Hemispherectomy Corpus Callosotomy Multiple Subpial Transection Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy Implanted Brain Stimulators Case Example: Brain Stimulator Candidate Appendix I: Traditional Classification of Epileptic Seizures - Description of Seizure Types Not Covered in Text Simple partial seizures with motor signs Simple partial seizures with somatosensory or special sensory symptoms Simple partial seizures with autonomic symptoms or signs Simple partial seizures with psychic signs Simple partial seizures with cognitive signs Simple partial seizures with affective signs Simple partial seizures with illusions Simple partial seizures with hallucinations Generalized seizure disorders Atypical absence seizures Myoclonic Seizures Clonic Seizures Tonic Seizures Atonic Seizures Appendix II: Classification of Epilepsy Syndromes - Description of Seizure Types Not Covered in Text Idiopathic Localization-Related Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes Childhood epilepsy with occipital paroxysms Reading epilepsy Hot water epilepsy Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy Symptomatic Localization-Related Rasmussen's syndrome Reflex epilepsies Photosensitive seizures Musicogenic epilepsy Eating epilepsy Startle epilepsy Frontal lobe epilepsies Precentral frontal lobe seizures Premotor frontal lobe seizures Supplementary motor area (SMA) seizures Dorsolateral prefrontal lobe seizures Orbitofrontal lobe seizures Medial frontal lobe seizures Frontal opercular seizures Parietal lobe epilepsies Postcentral gyrus seizures Superior parietal lobule seizures Inferior parietal lobule seizures Paracentral parietal lobe seizures Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes Benign neonatal familial convulsions Benign neonatal convulsions (non-familial) Benign myoclonic epilepsy of childhood Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) Epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures upon awakening Cryptogenic or Symptomatic Generalized Epilepsy Syndromes West syndrome (infantile spasms) Myoclonic-astatic seizures Epilepsy with myoclonic absences Appendix III:Wada Assessment Procedures and Rating Criteria at the Medical College of Georgia (MCG) Procedure for measuring Wada language at MCG Procedure for measuring Wada memory at MCG MCG Wada Evaluation scoring form Glossary of Common Epilepsy Terms

Editorial Reviews

Reviewer: Christopher J Graver, PhD, ABPP-CN(Madigan Healthcare System)
Description: Neuropsychologists have long been involved in the assessment of epilepsy and seizure disorders from a variety of etiologies. Although the specific topic of epilepsy surgery and Wada procedures has received great coverage, this book integrates aspects of neuropsychological practice with epilepsy syndromes. It is part of the stellar AACN Oxford Workshop Series, which includes the ability to earn CE credits.
Purpose: The aim is to provide information on epilepsy syndromes, epilepsy surgery, psychological and neuropsychological aspects of epilepsy, neuropsychological assessment, and the various roles that a neuropsychologist plays on the epilepsy team.
Audience: This book is appropriate mainly for neuropsychologists, but psychologists, graduate students in psychology, and allied health professionals may also find it of interest. The author is a leading expert in the field.
Features: A brief introduction to epilepsy and the critical role that neuropsychologists play in the evaluation and treatment of these patients begins the book. The next chapter provides not only information about classifying seizures, but walks readers through various symptom presentations, their frequency, and potential underlying brain mechanisms or seizure focus that corresponds to various symptoms. A brief review of the diagnostic and treatment methods in epilepsy includes descriptions of cognitive and behavioral side effects associated with anti-epileptic medications. More specific information is provided in the middle chapters about the assessment of cognition, including typical patterns of deficits, as well as confounding factors in the evaluation. An extensive case example at the end of the chapter includes test data. Nonepileptic seizures are covered well, including physiologic and nonphysiological etiologies, as well as test patterns and personality testing. The myriad uses of neuropsychological assessment in preoperative and postoperative epilepsy surgery patients are well detailed, including methods for determining language and memory functions, other details that the neuropsychologists should be attending to, and Wada testing. More specific details of the Wada procedure are provided in the appendix, including a sample form with specific tasks to be completed when testing. The only disappointing aspect of this book is that the figures, including neuroimaging slides, are a poor quality grayscale and practically useless for seeing any meaningful level of detail.
Assessment: This is an excellent primer on the neuropsychology of epilepsy. It covers all the major aspects of this area without getting bogged down in unnecessary tangents. It will be an invaluable resource for neuropsychologists both in general practice and new to this specialized field.

Doody's Review Service

"Overall, I recommend this book for neuropsychologists who see epilepsy patients. Its use as a reference will be facilitated after an initial read of the whole book, which will also provide clinicians with a solid overview of the field... the strength of this volume lies in its brevity. I very much liked the short, half to one-page descriptions of syndromes provided in the appendix, and found myself reaching for this book more than once during the review process to familiarize myself with a specific surgical procedure or refresh my memory of a specific seizure type." — Christian von Thomsen, Psy.D., Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA

"The book Neuropsychology of Epilepsy and Epilepsy Surgery provides a fabulous overview of epilepsy and seizures that includes diagnosis, etiology, and treatment,
with a focus on neuropsychological aspects of the epilepsies and their management.
The book is easy to read, and includes tables that nicely summarize a wealth of information...This volume is sure to become a core reference and teaching guide for the neuropsychology of epilepsy for years to come." — Mike R. Schoenberg, The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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