Simultaneous EEG and fMRI: Recording, Analysis, and Application

by Markus Ullsperger, Stefan Debener

Overview

One of the major challenges in science is to study and understand the human brain. Numerous methods examining different aspects of brain functions have been developed and employed. To study systemic interactions brain networks in vivo, non-invasive methods such as electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been used with great success. However, each of these methods can map only certain, quite selective aspects of brain function while missing others; and the inferences on neuronal processes and information flow are often rather indirect. To overcome these shortcomings of single methods, researchers have attempted to combine methods in order to make optimal use of their advantages while compensating their disadvantages. Hence, it is not surprising that soon after the introduction of fMRI as a neuroimaging method the possibilities of combinations with EEG have been explored. This book is intended to aid researchers who plan to set up a simultaneous EEG-fMRI laboratory and those who are interested in integrating electrophysiological and hemodynamic data. As will be obvious from the different chapters, this is a dynamically developing field in which several approaches are being tested, validated and compared. Currently, there is no one best solution for all problems available, but many promising techniques are emerging. This book shall give a comprehensive overview of these techniques. In addition, it points to open questions and directions for future research.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780190451776
Publisher:	Oxford University Press
Publication date:	05/28/2010
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
File size:	7 MB

About the Author

Dr. Ullsperger is a researcher at both the Max Planck Institute in Cologne, Germany and the Donders Institute for Brain at Radboud University Nijmegen in The Netherlands. Trained as a physician, Markus Ullsperger decided early in his career to focus on research in cognitive neurosciences. He did his PhD on EEG correlates of inhibitory processes in memory. Since about 2000, he has focused on performance monitoring, cognitive control and flexible, adaptive behavior. To this end, he has made use of fMRI, EEG, genetics and pharmacology in healthy participants and neurological as well as psychiatric patients. Dr. Debener is a Professor and Researcher at the Biomagnetic Center in the Department of Neurology at University Hospital in Jena, Germany. Stefan Debener did his PhD in Psychology on EEG predictors of depression. During his post-doc with Andreas Engel he became interested in neuronal oscillations and single-trial analyses. In 2004 he started a collaboration with the Swartz Center for Computational Neurosciences (UCSD) and since then has been working on the validation and application of independent component analysis, which he has used to advance as different fields as EEG-fMRI integration, the analysis of auditory evoked potentials from cochlear implant users, and multisensory processing. well as research in the field of multisensory processing.

Table of Contents

Contributors 1. Physiological basics of EEG and fMRI 1.1. The relationship of synaptic events and macroscopic recordings (Christoph M Michel) 1.2. Physiological basics of the BOLD signal (Jozien Goense & Nikos Logothetis) 1.3. Why should we combine different neuroimaging methods (Avi Snyder & Marcus Raichle) 2. Technical basics of recording simultaneous EEG-fMRI 2.1. Recording EEG signals inside the MRI (Ingmar Gutberlet) 2.2. Scanning strategies for simultaneous EEG-fMRI recordings (Andy Bagshaw) 2.3. Removal of artifacts from EEG recordings (Stefan Debener) 2.4. Influence of EEG equipment on MRI image quality (Richard Bowtell, Karen Mullinger) 3. Multimodal data integration 3.1. Using ICA for the analysis of EEG data (Stefan Debener) 3.2. Using ICA for the analysis of fMRI data (Elia Formisano) 3.3. EEG-informed fMRI analysis (Markus Ullsperger) 3.4. Fusion of EEG and fMRI by parallel group ICA (Vince Calhoun) 3.5. Joint EEG-fMRI ICA decomposition (Tom Eichele) 3.6. Estimating the hemodynamic response using EEG (Jan C de Munck, SI Goncalves, P van Houdt, P Ossenblok, FH Lopes da Silva) 3.7. Integration of separately recorded EEG/MEG and fMRI (Michael Wibral, Christoph Bledowski) 3.8. Analyzing functional and effective connectivity with EEG and MEG (Stefan J Kiebel, R Moran, M Garrido, Karl J Friston) 3.9. Analyzing functional and effective connectivity with fMRI (Klaas-Enno Stephan, Karl J. Friston) 4. Applications 4.1. Linking band-limited cortical activity with fMRI and behavior (Markus Siegel & Tobias Donner) 4.2. Clinical applications: Epilepsy (Helmut Laufs) Index

Editorial Reviews

"All of the authors of the 18 chapters of the book are well established authorities in their respective fields of research and the general approach throughout the book is to give the reader a well balanced overview of the current approaches to recording EEG in the MR as well as to the many promising techniques that are currently emerging. In addition, it also points to open questions and tries to give directions for future research." — Brain Products Press Release

"Overall, the book is very well-written and logically organized. There are many helpful figures and illustrations that highlight key principles. This book is a tour de force as it nicely captures the past and present state of the field and it looks to the future with bold optimism. Every researcher should consider this book for his or her reference library and it should become required reading for students interested in the field of simultaneous EEG-fMRI." — Neurology

From the Publisher