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INTRODUCTION
The sniper has special abilities, training and equipment. His job is to deliver discriminatory highly accurate rifle fire against enemy targets, which cannot be engaged successfully by the rifleman because of range, size, location, fleeting nature, or visibility. Sniping requires the development of basic infantry skills to a high degree of perfection. A sniper's training incorporates a wide variety of subjects designed to increase his value as a force multiplier and to ensure his survival on the battlefield. The art of sniping requires learning and repetitiously practicing these skills until mastered. A sniper must be highly trained in long-range rifle marksmanship and field craft skills to ensure maximum effective engagements with minimum risk.
Table of Contents
PREFACE
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
1-1. Mission
1-2. Organization
1-3. Personnel Selection Criteria
1-4. Sniper and Observer Responsibilities
1-5. Team Firing Techniques
CHAPTER 2 - EQUIPMENT
Section I - M24 Sniper Weapon System
2-1. Operations and Functions
2-2. Inspection
2-3. Care and Maintenance
2-4. Disassembly
2-5. Loading and Unloading
2-6. Storage
Section II - Ammunition
2-7. Types and Characteristic
2-8. Round-Count Book
2-9. M24 Malfunctions and Corrections
Section III - Sniper Sighting Devices
2-10. M3A Scope
2-11. Iron Sights
Section IV - Other Equipment
2-12. M16A1/A2 Rifle with M203 Grenade Launcher
2-13. Image Intensification and Infrared Devices
2-14. M49 Observation Telescope
2-15. M19 Binoculars
2-16. M22 Binoculars
2-17. Other Sniper Equipment
Section V - Communications Equipment
2-18. AN/PRC-77 Radio
2-19. AN/PRC-104A Radio Transceiver
2-20. AN/PRC-119 Radio
CHAPTER 3 - MARKSMANSHIP
Section I - Fundamentals
3-1. Steady Position Elements
3-2. Aiming
3-3. Breath Control
3-4. Trigger Control
3-5. Follow-Through
3-6. Calling the Shot
3-7. Integrated Act of Firing
Section II - Ballistics
3-8. Types of Ballistics
3-9. Terminology
3-10. Effects on Trajectory
3-11. Angle Firing
Section III - Effects of Weather
3-12. Wind Classification
3-13. Wind Velocity
3-14. Conversion of Wind Velocity to Minutes of Angle
3-15. Effects of Light
3-16. Effects of Temperature
3-17. Effects of Humidity
Section IV - Sniper Data Book
3-18. Entries
3-19. Analysis
Section V - Holdoff
3-20. Elevation
3-21. Windage
Section VI - Engagement of Moving Targets
3-22. Techniques
3-23. Common Errors
3-24. Calculation of Leads
Section VII - Nuclear, Biological, Chemical
3-25. Protective Mask
3-26. Mission-Oriented Protection Posture
CHAPTER 4 - FIELD TECHNIQUES
Section I - Camouflage
4-1. Target Indicators
4-2. Basic Methods
4-3. Types of Camouflage
4-4. Ghillie Suit
4-5. Field-Expedient Camouflage
4-6. Cover and Concealment
Section II - Movement
4-7. Rules of Movement
4-8. Individual Movement Techniques
4-9. Sniper Team Movement and Navigation
Section III - Selection, Occupation, and Construction of Sniper Positions
4-10. Selection
4-11. Occupation
4-12. Construction
4-13. Positions in Urban Terrain
Section IV - Observation
4-14. Hasty and Detailed Searches
4-15. Elements of Observation
4-16. Twilight Techniques
4-17. Night Techniques
4-18. Illumination Aids
Section V - Target Detection and Selection
4-19. Target Indexing
4-20. Target Selection
4-21. Key Target
Section VI - Range Estimation
4-22. Factors Affecting Range Estimation
4-23. Range Estimation Methods
4-24. Laser Range Finder
4-25. Estimation Guidelines
Section VII - Information Records
4-26. Range Card
4-27. Military Sketch
4-28. Sniper Data Book
CHAPTER 5 - MISSION PREPARATION
Section I - Planning and Coordination
5-1. Mission Alert
5-2. Warning Order
5-3. Tentative Plan
5-4. Coordination Checklists
5-5. Completion of Plan
5-6. Operation Order
5-7. Briefback
5-8. Equipment Check
5-9. Final Inspection
5-10. Rehearsals
5-11. Final Preparations
5-12. Preparation of Debriefing
5-13. Countersniper Operation
5-14. Reaction to Enemy Sniper Fire
Section II - Mission Packing Lists
5-15. Arms and Ammunition
5-16. Special Equipment
5-17. Uniforms and Equipment
5-18. Optional Equipment
5-19. Special Tools and Equipment (MOUT)
5-20. Additional Equipment Transport
