The Basics of Corset Building: A Handbook for Beginners

by Linda Sparks

Overview

Think of a corset as a blank canvas.

Linda Sparks' The Basics of Corset Building: A Handbook for Beginners is a comprehensive guide to building your first corset, including:

Section One: Tools and Materials for Corset Building
Discusses the tools you'll need, plus types of steel, plastic, and textiles.

Section Two: Building a Corset
Everything you need to know about working with bones and busks, setting grommets and eyelets, and creating a beautifully finished corset.

Section Three: Construction Techniques
Covers all the steps, including making a modesty panel, making a mock-up, and building single layer, double layer, and fashion fabric corsets.

Section Four: Alterations and Fit
Discusses commercial corset patterns, as well as how to fit and style a corset for exactly the look you want.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781429994279
Publisher:	St. Martin's Publishing Group
Publication date:	04/08/2014
Sold by:	Macmillan
Format:	eBook
Pages:	84
Sales rank:	914,399
File size:	7 MB

About the Author

Linda Sparks was born in Toronto, Ontario and graduated from George Brown College in Fashion. Her career started in the Toronto fashion industry but a move to the country changed her direction and she began costume building for the Stratford Festival Theatre in the late 1980s.
After almost ten years in theater, she opened Farthingales in 1997, a company she created to supply architectural products to the theater industry of North America. Farthingales stocks unique products like corset making materials, that can't be found in most fabric stores.

In 2006 Linda opened Farthingales L.A. Inc. to better supply the US market. Farthingales L.A. Inc. is a corset shop, selling the raw materials, patterns, books and both ready made corsets and custom corsets. The L.A. location is also where Linda teaches her corset making workshops.

Read an Excerpt

The Basics of Corset Building

A Handbook for Beginners

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By Linda Sparks, Janet Dimond, Vanessa Palmer, Nancy Hastings-Trew

St. Martin's Press

Copyright © 2005 Linda Sparks
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-4299-9427-9

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CHAPTER 1

Tools

Our discussion won't include machines, only hand-held tools. How many tools you have in your sewing kit will depend on what you sew most often. Most of us have thimbles, various hand-sewing needles, measuring tape, tracing wheels, thread snips and scissors – the basics. To build a corset you need all of these and a bit more. For those of you who are new to sewing we'll start with the basic tools listed above, then expand upon them and add a few new ones. Details on exactly how the tools are used will be found in other chapters. This list is to give you an idea of what tools you may need to acquire.

Thimble

Everyone knows what one looks like but it's surprising how many people don't know how or when to use one.

Why should you use a thimble? Because you can't sew efficiently without one and doing so can be dangerous; particularly when sewing heavy fabric that may be difficult to get a needle through.

The thimble protects the middle finger of your sewing hand and gives you more power to push the needle through the fabric. Proper sewing technique requires that you enter the needle into the fabric while holding the needle between forefinger and thumb (A) and then follow through by pushing the needle through the fabric using your middle finger (B). The head of the needle can be very fine and even thicker needles can still puncture your finger before they go through all layers of fabric – if you don't use a thimble for protection. Puncturing your finger will be painful, but worse; it will cause you to bleed and that means you'll get blood on the corset.

If you do happen to prick your finger and get blood on the garment, there is a very easy solution.

Blood is inclined to leave a permanent stain unless you use your saliva to dissolve it. Yes, it's true – your saliva will remove the bloodstain – but not if you try this after trying any other options. And only your saliva will dissolve your bloodstain so no one can help you with this. Simply spitting on the garment looks a bit vulgar, so take a yard or meter of thread, ball it up and chew it for a moment, let it get saturated, and then dab the stain with the saturated balled-up wad of thread and watch the bloodstain disappear. If you find this hard to believe, try it.

Hand-sewing Needles

They aren't what they used to be, which is one reason goggles are now part of many sewing rooms. Today's sewing needles tend to be brittle and can snap. Needles come in many sizes. Some sewing specialists will have clear ideas as to which sewing needle to use for which process. I am inclined to say, "Use the needle that feels comfortable to hold." Very large ones aren't practical but a #6 or #7 seems to be reasonable for many purposes. You need hand-sewing needles so that you can finish the top and bottom edges of your corset by hand.

Measuring Tools

A measuring tape is for measuring the body and for checking measurements of the corset. A see-through ruler is my preferred tool for working on patterns and corsets because it not only offers a measuring device but a straightedge as well. I find I need both when corset making. Measuring can be more exact when using a ruler you can see through, and this makes the tracing of straight bone casing channels a lot faster. Nothing is better to aid you in marking bias strips on fabric than a see-through ruler! And bias strips are needed to finish a corset.

Tracing Wheel

The tracing wheel makes the job of marking all the bone casings much easier, although tailor's tacks can also be used by those who know how to make them. There are several types of tracing wheels: dressmaking, tailor's, and the double-wheel tracing wheel. The double-wheel is the most beneficial in corset making. By using it you cut your time in half for marking the casings, and increase your accuracy as the markings can't help but be perfectly parallel. The double-wheel tracing wheel can also be used to mark your seam allowances. Align one wheel on your cutting line and the other wheel on the stitching line and you can mark the stitching line perfectly parallel with the cutting line.

Thread Snips

Thread snips and scissors are used for cutting out the pattern pieces and snipping the multitude of threads left at the top and bottom of the corset where the bone casing stitching ends. There are a lot of threads since every bone casing requires two rows of stitching. Some Janome sewing machines offer a thread clipping option, but if you don't have one of these high-end machines you'll need to do a lot of clipping by hand. If you're using bone casing ribbon you'll also need to be able to cut the ribbon to length.

Rotary Cutter

A rotary cutter isn't absolutely necessary but can make cutting out your pattern pieces easier and saves stress on your hands if you're cutting a lot. To use a rotary cutter you must have a rotary cutting mat to protect your table. Rotary cutters and mats can be purchased at most fabric shops.

Awl

An awl is a tool that you won't likely be able to purchase in your local fabric store but you'll find one in almost any hardware store. It's used when you need to apply an opening busk. The unique thing about making a hole with an awl is that the threads of the fabric get separated and pushed apart so they don't get cut or broken, and the integrity of the fabric isn't diminished. If you use a hole punch or scissors to create a hole the threads tend to fray and the hole gets bigger; something you want to avoid. This will create a very difficult mending job that will be costly and time consuming.

An awl is very simple to use. Simply work the point of the awl between the threads of the fabric where you've marked the hole placement and continue to push the awl through, spreading the threads further and further apart until you have a hole the size you need. Details of this process can be found in Section 2 Chapter 6.

If you can't find an awl, you can use a well-sharpened pencil – but be sure the pencil color is a close match to your fabric as the pencil needs to be very sharp and the lead will be exposed and will mark your fabric.

A hole punch, rubber mallet, bolt cutters, tin snips, file, and needle-nose pliers are also not likely to be found at your local fabric store, but you may find them in your toolbox. If not, any hardware store should have them.

Earlier we referred to the importance of using an awl rather than cutting a hole to avoid compromising the strength of the fabric. Some people use an awl to form the holes for the grommets or eyelets as well. However this can be a challenging and time-consuming process as there are far more grommets and eyelets than busk knobs, and they tend to be larger than the busk knobs – so grommets are more difficult to force through the awl-made hole. The theory is that by using an awl you won't decrease the strength of the fabric where the grommets/eyelets are set as the threads will remain intact. As a result the grommets will be less inclined to pop out of the fabric. This is true to some extent but using a washer behind the grommet or eyelet increases the security of the grommet or eyelet far more than not cutting a hole would.

Hole Punches

To make a hole you need a hole punch. Hole punches will come with any grommet or eyelet kit you purchase. It's imperative that the hole you make is the correct size. This will be assured if you use the hole punch that comes with the kit, and then order more grommets or eyelets in the same size as those included in the kit.

Rubber Mallet

Rubber mallets are useful in setting grommets. Don't use a regular metal hammer, as the metal hammer striking the metal grommet setter is unsafe. If you can't get a rubber mallet try a rawhide or wooden one. Details on setting grommets or eyelets can be found in Section 2 Chapter 7. There are other means of closing the back of your corset so if you decide not to use grommets or eyelets then you won't need a rubber mallet. Decide how you'll finish the corset before you buy the tool. See Section 2 Chapter 8 for other options.

Bolt Cutters

Bolt cutters can sometimes be found at dollar stores, but don't waste your money on them. They tend not to do the job, and if they work at first they don't last until the end of the project. The movement of the jaws of a bolt cutter can make it a better cutting tool than tin snips for some steel. The jaws of a bolt cutter are parallel to one another and clamp down in a way that applies pressure to the whole piece of steel at one time – unlike tin snips which function more like scissors. This means that the steel can't slide out from between the jaws. Bolt cutters are a better choice for spiral steel bones and narrower spring steels. Details on how to cut steel can be found in Section 2 Chapters 4 and 5.

Tin Snips

Tin snips are another tool for cutting steel bones. Some bones cut more easily with bolt cutters and some with tin snips. Like bolt cutters, tin snips shouldn't be purchased at the dollar or discount store. Regardless of brand name the tin snips should have serrated jaws as they'll grip the steel better and don't allow the steel to slide out from between the jaws. Tin snips function in the same way scissors do, so lack of a serrated jaw means the bone will slide out of the jaws as they close. Tin snips are best for spring steel, particularly wider spring steels, and for plastic as well.

Details on cutting bones and which tools to use for what type of bone can be found in Section 2 Chapters 4 and 5.

File

A file may be needed if you're cutting steel bones. You may need to file off the rough or sharp corners of the steel bones prior to applying "U" tips. For cutting and finishing most plastic bones, scissors and an emery board from the drug store will likely be adequate.

Needle-nose Pliers

You'll need to have two pairs of needle-nose pliers if you're cutting steel bones. The cut steel has to be capped with small "U"-shaped ends and the only way to apply these tips is by using two pairs of pliers simultaneously. Full details of this process can be found in Section 2 Chapter 4.

Goggles

Goggles aren't a tool, but do need to be mentioned. Goggles or protective eye wear should be worn whenever you cut steel or machine stitch the top edge of your corset after sliding the bones into their casings. Cutting spiral steel often results in a little piece flying off and the risk of the machine needle hitting a bone and breaking is high – wear goggles. Wardrobes that abide by health and safety rules will expect you to wear goggles whenever you're at a sewing machine, so you might as well get your own and get accustomed to wearing them.

2. Textiles

There are two types of materials used in corset building: those made of textile fibers and those that aren't. Busks, grommets, and bones are examples of those that aren't made of textile and will be covered later in this section. The next few pages will be dedicated to those materials that are made of textile fibers.

These materials are:

• fabric

• bone casing

• bias tape or binding and petersham

• twill tape

• cable cord

• lacing cord

• lacing tips

• lacing tape

• fusible interfacing.

Fabric

We're all familiar with fabrics and you can likely identify the difference between satin and denim, but chances are you've never seen coutil. Few fabrics have the characteristics of coutil, and few are suitable for the foundation of a corset.

Coutil can be a brocade, satin or herringbone weave, and cotton or cotton/viscose are the most common fiber contents. Polyester is difficult to work with and doesn't breathe well – it's best avoided.

Coutil's important characteristics are:

• tightly woven

• limited inclination to stretch

• smooth finish

• strength.

Tightly woven fabric is by nature dense and this is important as bones are less likely to work holes in the fabric. The bones in a corset tend to shift up and down in their casings when the corset is worn, and this shifting can cause holes at the top and bottom of the bone casing – a common problem. This is best dealt with during planning and construction rather than as a repair process because repair is time consuming and rarely attractive. Bone damage to a corset can occur during only one wearing if you don't construct your corset properly. Start with using a tightly woven fabric.

Decorative stitching was traditionally used to help strengthen these areas of wear. This adds a very attractive touch but takes time and more importantly skill.

Stretching of the fabric in a corset defeats the purpose of a corset, however it will still happen to some degree. I've had people suggest denim as an alternative to coutil. But – think about squeezing into a new or freshly washed pair of jeans and then think how they feel at the end of a day. They've stretched. For this reason denim isn't a good choice despite it seeming to be more cost effective. Tightly woven fabric is less inclined to stretch.

A smooth finish is important because the corset is worn tightly and often directly against the skin, and a rough finish can cause unsightly and uncomfortable nonindentations on your body over the whole area of the corset. So, while some people say they use cotton duck because it doesn't stretch as much as denim does – think twice about doing this to someone you like.

The strength of the fabric you use is extremely important as is the technique for sewing the seams. Remember the corset is snug fitting and you don't want seams bursting or pulling apart. For this reason don't use velvet or satin unless the satin is a coutil. The corset seams will be under a great deal of strain, even if the corset isn't being used to greatly reduce your size.

NOTE: There are many herringbone twills and those with the smallest herringbone weave are the best, densely woven and with the least inclination to stretch.

Coutil has been designed specifically for corset manufacturing, and while it's rather costly it really is the best choice. I know of no comparable fabric.

Bone Casing

Bone casings are used in all corset construction. There are four methods of making bone casings:

• Using two layers of coutil. (A)

• Using the seam allowances. (B)

• Using bone casing ribbon (manufactured for the purpose) and sewn onto the inside of the coutil corset. These ribbon-look bone casings can also be sewn onto the outside of the corset and this can create a design feature, particularly when contrasting color is used. (C)

• Using bone casing ribbon over the seam allowance – this encases any raw edges, creating a beautiful finish as well as holding the bones. (D)

The bone casings must be of a durable woven fabric. If you wish to use satin ribbon as a design feature consider it as an appliqué, applying it over the bone casing. Manufactured bone casing appears to be a basic cotton or rayon ribbon but it's in fact a flattened tube into which you can slide the bone. Bones aren't slid into the casing until after the casing is sewn onto the garment. If you look closely at the manufactured bone casing you'll see the area where you can stitch. Avoid stitching outside this area and into the bone area as you'll have difficulty sliding your bones in later.

Bone casing tape is available in four widths and in two colors only – black and white (and occasionally flesh). Natural fiber content makes bone casing tape easy to dye. Twill tape isn't adequate for bone casing as it's too weak. Prussian tape however is suitable but hard to find. Prussian tape looks much like twill tape but you'll notice a distinct difference in how it feels. It's much more densely woven and stronger, and tends to be made of polyester.

Bias Tape

Bias tape or biais tape – I've seen it spelled both ways but the pronunciation seems to be the same everywhere.

Bias strips have the ability to bind curved edges without bunching, tucking, or pulling because the bias cut allows for subtle stretching and shaping. This can't be accomplished with straight-grain cut goods or most ribbons. Bias tape can be purchased at most fabric stores but making your own in coordinating or contrasting fabric creates a more professional look. Details on this process can be found in Section 2 Chapter 11.

(Continues...)

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Excerpted from The Basics of Corset Building by Linda Sparks, Janet Dimond, Vanessa Palmer, Nancy Hastings-Trew. Copyright © 2005 Linda Sparks. Excerpted by permission of St. Martin's Press.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of visitors to this web site.

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Table of Contents

Contents

Copyright Notice,
Foreword,
Section One Tools and Materials for Corset Building,
1. Tools,
2. Textiles,
3. Steel and Plastic,
Section Two Building a Corset,
1. Labeling,
2. Measuring for Bone Length,
3. Working with Plastic Bones,
4. Working with Spiral Steel Bones,
5. Working with Spring Steel/White Bones,
6. Working with an Opening Busk,
7. Setting Grommets or Eyelets,
8. Applying Lacing Tape and Lacing Bones,
9. Applying Lace Tips,
10. Lacing a Corset,
11. Making and Applying Bias Tape and Petersham Ribbon,
Section Three Construction Techniques,
1. Making a Modesty Panel,
2. Making a Mock-up,
3. Building a Single Layer Corset,
4. Building a Double Layer Corset,
5. Building a Fashion Fabric Corset,
Section Four Pattern Alterations and Fit,
1. Commercial Corset Patterns,
2. Fitting a Corset,
3. Styling a Corset,
Glossary,
Copyright,