How Black activism has helped achieve and maintain democracy for all Americans  



In 2020, Black Americans continued a centuries-long pursuit of racial equality and justice in the streets and at the polls. Arguing that this year was not a deviation from the historic Civil Rights Movement, the contributors to this collection examine the important work of Black men and women during the previous decades to shape, expand, and preserve a multiracial American democracy.



The authors of these chapters show that Black Americans have long pushed local and national leaders to ensure that all citizens reap the full benefits of the Constitution. They discuss Black women’s roles in advancing national voting rights; how Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) developed “race leaders”; discriminatory news coverage and actions against it; antipoverty efforts; and the racial and gender dynamics of activist organizations.



These studies show how Black activism from the mid-twentieth century to the present has led to positive changes for all Americans, holding the nation to its democratic ideals and promises. Black Citizens and American Democracy compels recognition of many unsung people who have risked their lives and livelihoods for the good of the country.   



Contributors:  Reginald K. Ellis | Cassandra Newby-Alexander | Jacqueline Jones | Peter B. Levy | Charles Chavis Jr. | Charles H. Ford | Wesley G. Phelps | Sharlene Sinegal-DeCuir | Jeffrey L. Littlejohn | Kristopher Bryan Burrell