Economic Indicators For Dummies

Economic Indicators For Dummies

by Michael Griffis
Economic Indicators For Dummies

Economic Indicators For Dummies

by Michael Griffis

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Overview

Everything you need to easily get a handle on economic indicators

In today's volatile, often troubling economic landscape, there are myriad statistics and reports that paint an economic picture that can sometimes resemble a work by Jackson Pollock. These complex and often-conflicting reports could vex even the savviest investor. Economic Indicators For Dummies explains how to interpret and use key global economic indicators to make solid investments, aid in business planning, and help develop informed decisions. In plain English, it breaks down the complex language and statistics to help you make sense of this critical information.

You'll discover how to interpret economic data within the context of other sometimes-conflicting reports and statistics, and use the information to make profitable decisions. You'll understand the meaning of such data as employment indices and housing and construction stats and how they affect stocks, bonds, commodities and international markets . . . and how you can use these statistics to make investment decisions as well as plan strategic goals for business growth. Economic Indicators For Dummies breaks down dozens of statistics and patterns to give you a better understanding of how various sources of data and information can be used.

  • Breaks down jargon and statistical concepts
  • Covers how to use publicly available economic indicators to better position your portfolio, improve returns, and make sensible, long-range business plans
  • Discusses the reliability and timeliness of the collected data, while helping investors prioritize the flow of economic information to avoid information overload

Whether you're an investor, economics student, or business professional involved in making key strategic decisions for your company, Economic Indicators For Dummies has you covered.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781118037621
Publisher: Wiley
Publication date: 10/04/2011
Series: For Dummies Books
Pages: 408
Sales rank: 1,081,296
Product dimensions: 7.40(w) x 9.20(h) x 0.90(d)

About the Author

Michael Griffis, MBA, has been an active trader for more than two decades. He has written about stock trading for online audiences, and today writes about investing and marketing for clients in the banking and brokerage industries.

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Table of Contents

Introduction 1

About This Book 1

Conventions Used in This Book 2

Foolish Assumptions 3

What Not to Read 4

How the Book Is Organized 4

Part I: Figuring Out the Economy 4

Part II: Making Money, Spending Money: Employment and Consumer Indicators 4

Part III: The Essence of Business: Product and Service Indicators 5

Part IV: Inflation, Productivity, Interest Rates, and Commodities: Oh My! 5

Part V: International Intrigue: Indicators beyond the United States 5

Part VI: The Part of Tens 6

Icons Used in This Book 6

Where to Go from Here 6

Part I: Figuring Out the Economy 7

Chapter 1: Introducing Economic Indicators 9

Understanding What Economic Indicators Are 10

Reading the economy through economic indicators 10

Cycling through economic ups and downs 11

Identifying What Indicators Indicate 12

Tracking consumer spending 12

Looking at the big picture 13

Eyeing manufacturing 14

Counting up the number of bought, sold, and newly built homes 15

Monitoring inflation 15

Measuring productivity 16

Looking at loans and commodity purchases 16

Following worldwide economies 17

Knowing How to Start Following Economic Indicators 18

Analyzing the data 19

Tracking economic indicator release dates 19

Chapter 2: Explaining Economic Jargon 21

Identifying Types of Economic Indicators 21

Summarizing economic results 22

Surveying for information 22

Indexing the economy 24

Understanding How Economists Analyze the Data 27

Measuring growth 27

Annualizing reported data 29

Smoothing data with moving averages 32

Massaging Economic Data to Make the Results More Useful 35

Adjusting for inflation 35

Adjusting for seasonal fluctuations 37

Considering the Timeliness of Economic Indicators 37

Leading indicators make forecasts 38

Coincident indicators are no coincidence 38

Lagging indicators can’t foretell the future 39

Looking into the Future with Consensus Forecasts 39

Finding consensus forecasts 40

Analyzing the accuracy of the consensus 40

Amending and Modifying Data with Revision Reports 41

Revising previous reports 41

Changing benchmarks 42

Cha-Ching: Money, Interest Rates, and the Economy 43

Understanding the Fed’s monetary measures 43

Setting short- and long-term interest rates 44

Chapter 3: Understanding the Big Picture: The Economy and Its Footprints 45

Taking a Closer Look at the Business Cycle 46

Identifying the phases of the cycle 46

Growing into expansion 49

Slowing into recession 49

Reviewing the Key Financial Markets 50

Investing in stocks 50

Holding bonds 53

Trading commodities 55

Tracking currencies 56

Figuring Out What’s What in Economic Reports 57

Finding what’s important in each report 58

Seeing how reports are assembled 59

Showing Economic Fashions without the Runway 59

Understanding market sensitivity 60

Determining an indicator’s accuracy and timeliness 61

Seeing who’s interested in what 61

Part II: Making Money, Spending Money: Employment and Consumer Indicators 65

Chapter 4: Counting Jobs and Unemployment 67

Tracking the BLS Employment Situation Report 68

Counting workers and the unemployed 68

Highlighting key parts of the jobs report 73

Deciphering employment numbers 75

Predicting market reactions due to employment changes 77

Looking at Unemployment Insurance Claims 79

Keeping track of unemployment insurance claims 80

Smoothing jobless claim fluctuations 81

Analyzing the claims numbers 82

Determining how the market may react to increased claims 82

Eyeing the ADP National Employment Report ® 84

Reviewing key parts of ADP’s jobs report 85

Comparing the ADP and BLS reports 86

Figuring out how the market will react to the ADP report 87

Advertising for Jobs: The Conference Board Help Wanted Online Index 88

Measuring the availability of jobs online 88

Predicting how the market will react 89

Collecting the BLS Mass Layoff Statistics Report 90

Surfing Monster Employment Indexes 91

Chapter 5: Survey Says: Considering Consumer Sentiment, Confidence, and Comfort 93

Trying to Figure Out Consumers 94

Surveying UM’s Consumer Sentiment Index 95

Eyeing the importance of this index 95

Considering the consumer’s expectations 96

Correlating consumer sentiment and spending: What the data mean 97

Looking for unexpected changes 99

Knowing how the markets will react 100

Understanding the Consumer Confidence Index 100

Seeing how people feel about the economy 101

Looking for happy consumers 103

Comparing and contrasting surveys 103

Finding surprises in the confidence survey 106

Adjusting your portfolio strategy 107

Reviewing the Bloomberg Consumer Comfort Index 108

Justifying another consumer survey: What makes this one unique 109

Correlating comfort, recovery, and recession 109

Modifying your portfolio strategy 112

Chapter 6: Spreading the Wealth: Consumer Spending and the Economy 113

Making and Spending: The BEA’s Personal Income and Outlays Report 113

Tracking personal wages, savings, and purchases 115

Highlighting consumers’ economic impact: The wealth effect 122

Identifying the relationship between spending, income, and the economy 122

Reacting to surprising results 123

Surveying Retail Sales: The Census Bureau’s Retail Trade Report 124

Highlighting product purchases 125

Monitoring spending trends 126

Investing based on the survey results 127

How Much Consumers Borrow: The Consumer Credit Outstanding Report 128

Tracking Online Sales: The Quarterly Retail E-Commerce Sales Report 130

Part III: The Essence of Business: Product and Service Indicators 133

Chapter 7: GDP: The Whole Enchilada 135

Grasping What the GDP Report Is 135

Breaking down the GDP schedule 136

Finding the economy’s growth rate 137

Counting products and services in the GDP 140

Highlighting the GDP’s Importance 142

Declaring recessions and recoveries 143

Surveying how businesses use the GDP 144

Understanding how the government uses the GDP 144

Eyeing how investors use the GDP 145

Knowing How the GDP Is Calculated 147

Measuring personal consumption 149

Tracking private investments 150

Counting government consumption 152

Monitoring imports and exports 152

Purchasing and selling domestic products 153

Seeing How GDP Is Adjusted for Inflation 154

Chaining dollars to inflation 155

Comparing GDP price indexes over time 156

Chapter 8: Following the Fed 161

Understanding the Fed’s Role 161

Outlining the Fed’s basic structure 162

Understanding central banking 163

Digging into monetary policy 164

Reading the Fed’s FOMC Statement 166

Eyeing why this report is important 167

Forecasting the future with the FOMC 167

Reacting to the FOMC Statement 168

Boring into the Beige Book 170

Monitoring Manufacturing with the Industrial Production and Capacity Utilization Report 171

Seeing what the report measures 172

Correlating output, capacity, and growth 174

Repositioning your portfolio 176

Reviewing Regional Fed Reports 179

Surveying business outlook 180

Indexing national activity 181

Chapter 9: Profiling Manufacturing: New Orders and Shipments 185

Filling Orders for Durable Goods: The Advance Report on Durable Goods 185

Knowing where the data come from 186

Tracking new factory orders: Why these stats are important 187

Figuring out what the data mean 188

Correlating manufacturing and future growth 191

Manufacturing your portfolio response 193

Monitoring Factory Orders and Sales: The Factory Orders Report 195

Comparing the full and advance versions 196

Investing in the full report 197

Counting Business Inventories: The Manufacturing and Trade Inventories and Sales Report 198

Chapter 10: Grappling with Economic Indexes 201

Measuring ISM’s Manufacturing Survey 201

Understanding how the ISM surveys purchasing agents 202

Checking the health of manufacturers 203

Surveying purchasing managers’ insights for the PMI 206

Monitoring market movement 206

Gauging Non-Manufacturing Companies 208

Looking At the Leading Economic Index 210

Chapter 11: Spending on Housing and Residential Construction 213

Growing the Economy One House at a Time 214

Realizing the relationship between housing and GDP 214

Understanding U.S housing demand 216

Counting One Start at a Time: The New Residential Construction Report 217

Eyeing the data: Where the stats come from 217

Monitoring building permits and other housing stats 219

Correlating housing and economic activity 221

Remodeling your investment portfolio 222

Reporting New-Home Sales: The New Residential Sales Report 223

Comparing new starts with new sales: Is it possible? 224

Recognizing the connection between new-home sales and the economic cycle 226

Forecasting investment market reactions 226

Reporting Existing-Home Sales 227

Tracking housing prices 229

Understanding how existing-home sales affect investment markets 230

Monitoring Pending Home Sales 231

Surveying Mortgages 233

Eyeing what data you get at no cost 234

Tracking delinquent mortgages 234

Identifying potential market changes 235

Pricing the S&P/Case-Shiller Indices 236

Part IV: Inflation, Productivity, Interest Rates, and Commodities: Oh My! 239

Chapter 12: Determining Inflation’s Economic Impact 241

Gauging Inflation from the Consumer’s View: The Consumer Price Index 242

Eyeing the parts of the CPI 242

In a basket: How CPI is measured 244

Understanding why inflation matters 247

Seeing the different reactions to inflation and the CPI 248

Inflating investment returns 251

Using Manufacturing Costs to Measure Inflation: The Producer Price Index 252

Comparing the PPI and CPI 253

Inflating the price of business supplies 254

Correlating the PPI and economic growth 255

Showing PPI’s investment market impact 256

Tracking Inflation through Labor Costs: The Employment Cost Index 258

Monitoring and tracking labor costs 258

Seeing how the Fed uses the ECI 259

Employing labor costs in investment analysis 260

Chapter 13: Taking a Closer Look at Productivity and Economic Growth 261

Measuring Productivity and Costs: The Labor Productivity and Costs Report 262

Defining productivity 263

Correlating productivity to job growth and costs 266

Producing investment returns 267

Watching Employee Compensation Costs: The ECEC Report 268

Monitoring labor costs 270

Using labor costs to improve investments 270

Calculating What Workers Really Make: The Real Earnings Report 272

Chapter 14: Eyeing Business and Municipal Borrowing in the Bond Market 273

Simplifying the Fixed-Income Market 274

Showing Some Interest in Interest 275

Grasping how interest rates are set 275

Determining risk 276

Finding Current Interest Rates: The Selected Interest Rates Report 277

Taming the TIPS (Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities) Spread 281

Following the Treasury Yield Curve 282

Interpreting the yield curve 282

Identifying how the curve can look and what the shapes mean 283

Seeing the Bond Market’s Impact on the Rest of the Market 286

Yielding interesting returns 286

Investing in yield 286

Forecasting the currency’s value 287

Chapter 15: Harvesting Commodity Data 289

Understanding Commodities: Focusing on Supply and Demand 290

Paying cash upfront: Cash markets 290

Specifying the purchase terms before you buy: Forward contracts 291

Bidding for a price: Futures markets 292

Delving into Commodities Reports 293

Digging for gold and other precious metals 293

Drilling into the energy markets 295

Growing the agricultural markets 299

Mining industrial metals 301

Pricing Commodities 302

Finding spot prices 302

Finding futures prices 303

Tracking Commodity Indexes 304

Following Standard & Poor’s GSCI 304

Digging into the Thomson Reuters/Jefferies CRB Index 306

Reading The Economist’s commodity index 307

Surveying the Dow Jones-UBS Commodity Indexes 308

Part V: International Intrigue: Indicators beyond the United States 309

Chapter 16: Trading with the United States 311

Tracking Trade: U.S International Trade in Goods and Service Report 312

Reporting U.S exports and imports 313

Finding more trade data in the supplemental tables and online 321

Correlating trade and economic growth 321

Trading information for investment returns 322

Figuring Out the Balance of Trade 323

Following the TIC (Treasury International Capital) System 323

Chapter 17: Following Economies Worldwide 325

Investing in Overseas Markets 325

Using Reliable Sources to Find Info on International Indicators 328

Surveying purchasing managers globally 329

Surveying purchasing managers in Europe 329

Tracking the German Economy 330

Measuring German productivity 331

Surveying German businesses 334

Tracking the Japanese Economy 336

Surveying Japanese businesses 336

Measuring Japan’s productivity 340

Tracking China’s Economy 341

Chapter 18: Monitoring Emerging Economies 345

Following Emerging Markets 345

Seeing the world through Google’s Public Data Explorer 346

Using other sources to track emerging markets 347

Monitoring India’s Economy 347

Following India’s economic progress 348

Anticipating India’s future growth 349

Following Brazil’s Economic Future 350

Summarizing Brazil’s economy 350

Understanding Brazil’s inflation issue 352

Part VI: The Part of Tens 353

Chapter 19: Ten Ways to Track the U.S. Economy 355

Monitoring Jobs and Employment Data 356

Accounting for Consumer Spending 357

Checking Up on Businesses 357

Showing an Interest in Interest Rates 358

Building on Housing and Construction 358

Following Inflation 359

Surveying Consumers 360

Following the GDP 360

Chapter 20: Ten (Or So) Money-Making Tips You Can Use with Economic Indicators 361

Finding the Big Picture: Distinguishing between Bull and Bear Markets 361

Tracking Sector Rotation 363

Following the Herd 364

Taking Three Steps, Then a Stumble 364

Balancing Your Portfolio 364

Investing Strategically 365

Taking Your Investments Abroad 365

Avoiding Big Investment Mistakes 366

Avoiding Analysis Paralysis 366

Glossary 367

Index 375

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