Before Trans: Three Gender Stories from Nineteenth-Century France

"This thoughtful academic treatise . . . explores the lives of three famous gender nonconformists in fin-de-siècle Paris." —Publishers Weekly

Before the term "transgender" existed, there were those who experienced their gender in complex ways. Before Trans examines the lives and writings of Jane Dieulafoy (1850–1916), Rachilde (1860–1953), and Marc de Montifaud (1845–1912), three French writers whose gender expression did not conform to nineteenth-century notions of femininity. Dieulafoy ...