Aggression and Sufferings: Settler Violence, Native Resistance, and the Coalescence of the Old South

In 1823, Tennessee historian John Haywood encapsulated a foundational sentiment among the white citizenry of Tennessee when he wrote of a "long continued course of aggression and sufferings" between whites and Native Americans. According to F. Evan Nooe, "aggression" and "sufferings" are broad categories that can be used to represent the framework of factors contributing to the coalescence of the white South.



Traditionally, the concept of coalescence is an anthropological model used to exami...