Crusoe and His Consequences

300 years after it was first published, Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe remains hugely influential and hotly debated. Since its initial release in 1719, discussions have surrounded the novel's depiction of individual solitude and work, colonial and racial relations, and mankind's relationship with the rest of the animal world.

To this day, Crusoe's depiction of self-reliance and "rugged individualism" is often idealized in economics textbooks, mainstream politics, and popular culture. But man...