Endothelial Dysfunction: Mechanisms and Clinical Impact

Endothelial cells form a specialized monolayer lining the interior of blood and lymphatic vessels and play a central role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. They regulate vascular tone, permeability, hemostasis, angiogenesis, inflammation, immune cell trafficking, and tissue repair through the balanced production of vasoactive mediators and signaling molecules. Disruption of these functions leads to endothelial dysfunction, a key event in the development of numerous chronic diseases. Oxid...