Interactions between the Geosphere and the Biosphere

Since their origins billions of years ago, life on Earth and the planet’s surface have undergone profound transformations. Microorganisms inhabiting a primitive planet enveloped by a dioxygen-free atmosphere have evolved into the modern biodiversity under the physico-chemical conditions we know today.

In Interactions between the Geosphere and the Biosphere, we characterize the nature and diversity of the close interactions between the biosphere and the geosphere that contributed to the form...