Refrigerators, Heat Pumps and Reverse Cycle Engines: Principles, State of the Art and Trends

In the context of global warming and the energy transition, two essential questions arise: how to cool environments without major environmental impact and how to produce heat efficiently without combustion. These questions reveal a reversal of the energy paradigm that has prevailed since the Industrial Revolution, when the challenge was to produce work from heat.

Reverse cycle thermal machines (refrigeration systems, heat pumps and thermofridges), operating in reverse of the thermomechanica...