The History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides

Thucydides' (c. 460 B.C.-395 B.C.) HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR to 411 BC, recounts the 5th century war between Athens and Sparta. Thucydides was the world's first "scientific historian" and sought natural explanations for events without invoking the gods. This is in contrast with Herodotus, the "father of history," who at times falls back on the supernatural. Throughout his work, Thucydides strives to rely on cause and effect in explaining important events.

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