Table of Contents
Figures vii
Tables xi
Acknowledgements xv
Preface xvii
1 Introduction 1
Introduction 1
Definitions and Meanings 3
Scope, Scales and Settings of Routes and Trails 8
Conclusion 15
2 Cultural Routes and Heritage Trails 17
Introduction 17
Purposes of Cultural Heritage Trails 18
Cultural Heritage Trails as Tourism Resources 20
Conclusion 57
3 Nature Trails and Mixed Routes 60
Introduction 60
Nature Trails 60
Mixed Routes 77
Conclusion 94
4 Demand for Trails and Routes 96
Introduction 96
General Trends in Demand 97
Characteristics of Trail Users 103
Access and Location 107
Trail Uses 110
Experience, Enjoyment and Satisfaction 112
Barriers to Use 121
Conclusion 124
5 Tourism, Recreation and Trail Impacts 126
Introduction 126
Type of Trail/Route Impacts 127
Conclusion 162
6 Planning and Developing Trails and Routes 164
Introduction 164
Route Designation and Related Policies 165
Planning and Developing Trails and Routes 179
Trail Design 196
Conclusion 212
7 Managing Routes and Trails 214
Introduction 214
Supply Versus Demand Techniques 215
Visitor Management Frameworks and Procedures 235
Conclusion 245
8 Reflections and Futures 247
Reflections 247
Futures 255
References 258
Index 296
