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| Preface | ||
| 1 | Introduction: Modeling Memory and Attention | 3 |
| 1.1 | The fundamental relation between memory and attention | 5 |
| 1.2 | The emergence of memory and attention in modern psychology | 6 |
| 1.3 | Modeling the processing of information | 9 |
| 1.4 | The model of Cowan (1988) | 24 |
| 1.5 | A comparison of Cowan (1988) with other modeling approaches | 32 |
| 1.6 | Key issues regarding memory and attention | 40 |
| 2 | Sensory Memory Persistence | 49 |
| 2.1 | Sensory memory in current cognitive psychology | 50 |
| 2.2 | Definition and distinguishing features of sensory memory | 53 |
| 2.3 | Types of sensory memory and their durations | 56 |
| 2.4 | Uses of sensory memory | 66 |
| 2.5 | Neural representation of sensory memory | 70 |
| 2.6 | Challenges to the concept of sensory memory | 75 |
| 3 | Memory Activation and Attentional Focusing | 77 |
| 3.1 | A brief history of short-term memory concepts | 77 |
| 3.2 | Short-term memory limits according to cognitive psychology | 79 |
| 3.3 | Cowan's (1988) conception of short-term memory | 93 |
| 3.4 | Some unresolved issues in the Cowan (1988) approach | 100 |
| 3.5 | Neurophysiology of short-term memory | 109 |
| 4 | Actual Versus "Virtual" Short-Term Memory Phenomena | 111 |
| 4.1 | A challenge to multiple-store accounts | 112 |
| 4.2 | Arguments against the monistic view | 118 |
| 4.3 | Where do we search for short-term memory? | 131 |
| 4.4 | Refrain: what is short-term memory? | 133 |
| 5 | Attention Filtering and Orienting | 137 |
| 5.1 | The problem of attentional filtering | 137 |
| 5.2 | Habituation of orienting as a selective filter | 140 |
| 5.3 | Evidence linking orienting and selective attention | 143 |
| 5.4 | Some unresolved issues related to the habituation hypothesis | 162 |
| 6 | Attention and Long-Term Memory | 167 |
| 6.1 | Dissociations between direct and indirect memory measures | 167 |
| 6.2 | The importance of attention for long-term memory | 171 |
| 6.3 | Dissociation of automatic and attention-related factors | 179 |
| 6.4 | Separate or embedded memory processes? | 182 |
| 6.5 | Specific mechanisms of attention in memory storage and retrieval | 189 |
| 6.6 | Automaticity, attention, and long-term memory | 192 |
| 6.7 | A reassessment of attention and memory in Cowan's (1988) model | 198 |
| 7 | Attentional Focus and Conscious Awareness | 200 |
| 7.1 | The concept of a unitary focus of attention | 202 |
| 7.2 | The challenge from cognitive science: multiple resources | 205 |
| 7.3 | The challenge from psychology at large: dissociated states and awareness | 225 |
| 7.4 | The challenge from philosophy of mind: multiple perceptual drafts | 232 |
| 7.5 | Response to challenges to a unified view of attention and awareness: a summary | 239 |
| 8 | Concluding Observations, with Steps Toward Neuroscience | 241 |
| 8.1 | Relationships between memory and attention | 242 |
| 8.2 | Some directions for further work | 246 |
| 8.3 | Toward a neuroscience of memory and attention | 248 |
| 8.4 | Some observations about the future: on the changing relation between brain research and cognition | 272 |
| References | 275 | |
| Author Index | 309 | |
| Subject Index | 317 |
Overview