Games Directors Play: Tricks and Stratagems of Cinematic Storytelling

For more than a century, directors have shaped and subverted audience expectations, presenting films that draw viewers into a process of anticipation, deduction, and interpretation. Critics have noted these techniques, but this book treats them as what they really are—games that have existed since the genesis of cinema.

These director strategies challenge viewers to think more closely about what they see. These include filmmakers embedding allusions that provide clues about plot or charact...