Beyond Atlanta: The Struggle for Racial Equality in Georgia, 1940-1980 / Edition 1

by Stephen G. N. Tuck

Overview

This sweeping history of the civil rights movement in the South's largest state tells of many Georgias. On one extreme is Atlanta, a metropolitan center of relative black prosperity and training ground of many movement leaders. On another is Albany. A city deep in the "black belt" of the plantation South, it is the site of Martin Luther King Jr.'s greatest civil rights setback. Somewhere in between is yet another Georgia, a Georgia whose communities once constituted hundreds of Jim Crow fiefdoms. In places like "Bad" Baker County near the southern border, or in the relatively moderate town of Rome in the northern hills, black-white relations were as crude or as nuanced as the outlook of the local sheriff.

Beyond Atlanta draws on interviews with almost two hundred people—black and white—who worked for, or actively resisted, the freedom movement. Among the topics Stephen Tuck covers are the absence of consistent support from the movement's national leadership and the frustration and innovation it alternately inspired at the local level. In addition, Tuck reveals friction, along urban-rural and poor-prosperous lines, about movement goals and tactics, and he highlights the often unheralded roles played by African American women, veterans, masons, unions, neighborhood clubs, and local NAACP branches.

Tuck's narrative begins before, and continues after, the well-documented years of direct action protest in the 1960s. Though grounded in local and state matters, it is attuned to such national developments as World War II, the 1954 Brown decision, the Civil Rights Acts of 1964-65, and the growth of the Black Power movement. Perhaps most important, Beyond Atlanta makes clear the exorbitant cost of racial oppression, in terms of hampered economic and social progress, for all Georgians.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9780820325286
Publisher:	University of Georgia Press
Publication date:	04/07/2003
Edition description:	New Edition
Pages:	376
Product dimensions:	6.12(w) x 9.25(h) x 1.15(d)

About the Author

STEPHEN G. N. TUCK is Director of Studies in History at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University.

STEPHEN G. N. TUCK is Director of Studies in History at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge University.

Table of Contents

	Acknowledgments	vii
	List of Abbreviations	ix
	Introduction	1
1.	First Challenges to Jim Crow after 1940	9
2.	The Upsurge of Black Protest across Georgia, 1943-1946	40
3.	The Effects of the White Supremacist Backlash on Black Protest, 1948-1960	74
4.	Direct Action Protest in Georgia's Cities, 1960-1965	107
5.	Protest in Rural Georgia: SNCC's Southwest Georgia Project, 1962-1967	158
6.	Black Protest after the Federal Civil Rights Legislation of 1964-1965	192
	Conclusion	244
	Notes	253
	Bibliography	305
	Index	323

Editorial Reviews

The struggle for civil rights in Georgia was as complex as it was diverse. Tuck's account of the many movements in Georgia is both bold conceptually and persuasive in its contention that 'excessive Atlanta-centrism distorts the true picture of racial protest in Georgia.' Beyond Atlanta is a remarkable achievement, a book where the whole is indeed much greater than the sum of its parts.

author of Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi - John Dittmer

Tuck's extraordinarily well researched and balanced book succeeds admirably in revealing the many and varied efforts for racial justice throughout Georgia between the 1940s and 1980s. Beyond Atlanta is thus a distinguished study of American race relations.

James T. Patterson

Tuck covers a remarkable research track on his subject. He draws comfortably on an extraordinarily extensive and rich body of primary and secondary sources in the field.

Ralph E. Luker

An informative, heart-breaking look at racial disparity in Georgia.

Valdosta Daily Times - Dean Poling

We are still some distance away from a convincing historical synthesis on a national scale of previous outstanding social, cultural, and political studies of American black-white relations during the period from the 1930s to the present. . . . Beyond Atlanta is a significant step toward that goal. . . . [It] succeeds in identifying both general patterns and exceptional factors that distinguished civil rights activism in different parts of a diverse state. Having interviewed more than a hundred key participants, Tuck is able to supplement previous scholarly investigations of civil rights movements in Atlanta and southwest Georgia, but he also draws needed attention to the sustained protest movement in Savannah.

Journal of American History

This is one of the most important works on Georgia history published in the last few years. No one has ever looked at the civil rights movement throughout the state or in terms of how differently it played out at the grass roots level in Georgia's many different communities. In so doing, Tuck provides not only rich new insights into the dynamics and complexities of the movement, but also a compelling portrait of Georgia and Georgians in the 1950s and 1960s.

University of Georgia - John Inscoe

Tuck's fine work illuminates the 'uneasy tensions' between rural and urban areas and the uneven progress between communities, and it raises the bar against reductionist interpretations . . . . [I]t certainly deserves recognition.

American Historical Review

Tuck joins the new British invasion . . . including Adam Fairclough, Tony Badger, Brian Ward, and Clive Webb . . . [who] have made important contributions to American civil rights historiography. Tuck has written a book that qualifies him for first-class passage to America. . . .[A] state-wide study such as Tuck's fine work illuminates the 'uneasy tensions' between rural and urban areas and the uneven progress between communities, and it raises the bar against reductionist interpretations.

University of Alabama at Birmingham - Jack E. Davis

Beyond Atlanta is a breath of fresh air in civil rights scholarship. Capturing the memories of dozens of civil rights veterans and tapping every relevant archive, it shows how Georgia’s special brand of politics influenced the struggle against discrimination. Emphasizing the strength of local activism in Atlanta, Savannah and elsewhere, it showcases unsung heroes like W. W. Law and throws new light on the role of the NAACP. It is a complex yet compelling story, and Tuck tells it clearly and eloquently. This impressive book makes an invaluable contribution to our understanding of the civil rights movement.

author of To Redeem the Soul of America: The Southern Christian Leadership Conference and Martin Luther King, Jr. - Adam Fairclough