Biochemistry and Function of Vacuolar Adenosine-Triphosphatase in Fungi and Plants

Early approaches towards an understanding of transport at the tonoplast of higher plant cells were based on the kinetics of radio-isotope uptake (Torii and Laties. 1966) and exchange (Pitman, 1963). A variety of other methods became available in due course (reviewed by Clarkson and Luttge, 1984). But even with the most modern developments, the function of. the tonoplast remained in the dark. On the basis of Hitchell's chemiosmotic $heory (Hitchell, 1967), mechanisms of membrane-bound H -tra...