Biomarkers: Techniques, Methods and Applications

A biological marker or biomarker is an indicator of a biological condition. It is evaluated to examine pathogenic processes in the living system or observe normal biological processes or to understand the pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. Biomarkers are used in medicine to examine organ function or other aspects of human health or to determine a diagnosis of a disease state by testing for its presence or absence. A commonly used biomarker is prostate-specific antigen or...