Columnar Structures of Spheres: Fundamentals and Applications

Columnar structures, many of which are helical, refer to dense cylindrical packings of particles. They are ubiquitous, for example, they exist in the contexts of botany, foams, and nanoscience. There have been in-depth investigations of columnar structures of both hard spheres (e.g., ball bearings) and soft spheres (e.g., wet foams), through computer simulations, analytic derivations, or simple experiments. This monograph serves as a comprehensive guide for scientists, engineers, or artists...