Defect Passivation and Doping Engineering for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing interest from researchers due to their superb power conversion efficiencies. The intrinsic trap defects, unavoidably formed in the fabrication process, can induce nonradiative recombination, ion migration, I-V hysteresis, and instability of PSCs. However, trap defects are not always harmful. Fully understanding the fundamentals of trap defects as well as the passivation and doping strategies is helpful for further improving device effi...