Failure to Pursue: How the Escape of Defeated Forces Prolonged the Civil War

Was the Civil War preordained to last four years or were there reasons why neither side could land a knockout punch? From the outset, both North and South had anticipated a brief conflict but despite more than 50 bloody battles neither could force a decisive conclusion. For most of the war, these battles followed a pattern: the victors claimed the field and the vanquished retreated to rest, resupply and fight another day.

Some generals began to realize that pursuit to capture or destroy th...