International Drug Control Law: Trends and Reform Challenges

The international drug control regime, built on three conventions (1961, 1971, and 1988), prohibits non-medical drug production and use while ensuring access for medical purposes. Despite nearly universal ratification and efforts focused on demand and supply reduction, the illegal drug market has expanded, with drug use increasing by 20% and problematic use by 45% in just a decade. Challenges such as synthetic drug crises, the legalization of non-medical cannabis in some regions, and new tr...