Machines through the Ages: From Furnaces to Factories

". . . with the lighter catapults, which had a long range, he drove back those who were constructing the wall along the harbour, and with the ballistae he shook or destroyed the engines of the enemy."—Diodorus Siculus, Greek historian, first century BCE

“Round their circumference are fixed paddles, which, when acted upon by the force of the current, drive the wheel round, receive the water in the buckets, and carry it to the top.”—Marcus Vitruvius, On Architecture, first century BCE

Using on...