Must Know Math Grade 8

by Nicholas Falletta

Overview

A UNIQUE NEW APPROACH THAT’S LIKE A LIGHTNING BOLT TO THE BRAIN

You know that moment when you feel as though a lightning bolt has hit you because you finally get something? That’s how this book will make you react. (We hope!) Each chapter makes sure that what you really need to know is clear right off the bat and sees to it that you build on this knowledge. Where other books ask you to memorize stuff, we’re going to show you the must know ideas that will guide you toward success in 8th grade math. You will start each chapter learning what the must know ideas behind a math subject are, and these concepts will help you solve the math problems that you find in your classwork and on exams.

Dive into this book and find:

• 250+ practice questions that mirror what you will find in your classwork and on exams
• A bonus app with 100+ flashcards that will reinforce what you’ve learned
• Extensive examples that drive home essential concepts
• An easy-access setup that allows you to jump in and out of subjects
• Grade 8 math topics aligned to national and state education standards
• Special help for more challenging math subjects, including linear equations, polynomials, and statistics

We’re confident that the must know ideas in this book will have you up and solving math problems in no time—or at least in a reasonable amount of time!

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781260468021
Publisher:	McGraw Hill LLC
Publication date:	01/19/2021
Pages:	416
Product dimensions:	7.30(w) x 9.10(h) x 1.20(d)

About the Author

Nicholas Falletta is a mathematics writer and the author of McGraw Hill-Education’s SSAT/ISEE.

Table of Contents

Introduction ix

The Flashcard App xi

Author's Note xiii

1 Real Numbers 1

The Base-10 Number System 2

Rational Numbers 4

Irrational Numbers 6

Adding Integers 10

Subtracting Integers 13

Multiplying Integers 15

Dividing Integers 17

Exercises 18

2 Fractions and Decimals 23

Fractions 24

Equivalent Fractions 26

Adding and Subtracting Fractions 32

Adding and Subtracting Mixed Numbers 35

Multiplying Fractions and Mixed Numbers 38

Dividing Fractions and Mixed Numbers 41

Decimals 46

Comparing and Ordering Decimals 49

Rounding Decimals 51

Addinq Decimals 52

Subtracting Decimals 53

Multiplying Decimals 54

Dividing Decimals 57

Exercises 59

3 Exponents, Roots, and Scientific Notation 67

Powers and Exponents 68

Powers of 0 and 1 69

Negative Exponents 70

Raising Negative Numbers to a Positive Power 71

Properties of Exponents 73

Roots 76

Estimating Roots 78

Adding and Subtracting Roots 79

Multiplying Roots 80

Dividing Roots 82

Scientific Notation 84

Exercises 89

4 Equations and Inequalities 93

The Language of Algebra 94

Writing Expressions and Equations 95

Solving Equations Using Addition or Subtraction 97

Solving Equations Using Multiplication or Division 100

Equations with Fractions and Decimals 102

Multi-Step Equations 104

Inequalities 105

Exercises 109

5 Ratio, Proportion, and Percent 111

Ratios 112

Equivalent Ratios 113

Comparing Ratios 115

Rates 117

Proportions 118

Percents 120

Finding the Percent of a Number 122

Finding What Percent One Number Is of Another Number 125

Finding a Number When the Percent Is Known 126

Percent of Increase and Percent of Decrease 128

Simple Interest 129

Exercises 131

6 Plane Geometry 135

Points, Lines, Rays, and Line Segments 136

Types of Angles 138

Complementary and Supplementary Angles 141

Angles of Intersecting Lines 144

Triangles and Quadrilaterals 147

Other Common Polygons 155

Congruent and Similar Figures 158

Perimeter and Area of Polygons 161

Circumference and Area of a Circle 165

Exercises 170

7 Solid Geometry 179

Surface Area of Rectangular Prisms 180

Surface Area of Cylinders 185

Surface Area of Cones 186

Surface Area of Pyramids 188

Surface Area of Spheres 191

Volume of Rectangular Prisms 192

Volume of Cylinders 193

Volume of Cones 195

Volume of Pyramids 197

Volume of Spheres 198

Exercises 201

8 Coordinate Geometry 207

The Coordinate Plane 208

Graphing Points on the Coordinate Plane 209

Measuring Distance on the Coordinate Plane 214

Translations 217

Rotations 220

Reflections 224

Symmetry 228

Tessellations 231

Exercises 234

9 Linear Functions 245

Relations and Functions 246

Graphing Linear Functions Using a Table 249

Intercepts 252

Slope-Intercept Form 254

Solving Systems of Equations by Graphing 257

Solving Systems of Equations by Substitution 262

Solving Systems of Equations by Elimination 263

Linear Inequalities with Two Variables 268

Exercises 271

10 Polynomials 275

Adding Polynomials 278

Subtracting Polynomials 280

Multiplying Monomials and Polynomials 281

Multiplying Binomials 283

Dividing Polynomials by Monomials 286

Exercises 287

11 Probability 289

Counting Outcomes 290

Simple Probabilities 296

Compound Events 299

Independent Events 300

Dependent Events 303

Experimental Probability 305

Geometric Probability 307

Exercises 310

12 Data and Statitistics 315

Measures of Central Tendency 316

Bar Graphs and Histograms 319

Circle Graphs and Line Graphs 323

Stem-and-Leaf Plots 327

Box-and-Whisker Plots 328

Scatter Plots and Trend Lines 330

Misleading Graphs 332

Exercises 334

Answer Key 341