On Modifying Kurdish Language By Means Of Unification

by Hussein Qutbi

Overview

Kurdish, lacking an active language regulatory body such as a dedicated language academy, has developed without a planned policy, rendering linguistic unification both ambitious and challenging. This book aims to elucidate the advantages and disadvantages of linguistic unification, emphasizing the importance of linguistic modification and its potential benefits for Kurdish societies.

The chapters delve into significant aspects of languages in general, examining the role of social life in language development, the necessity for a unified formal dialect, and the potential benefits such unification could bring to Kurdish as a language and, consequently, to the Kurds as a nation.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781739100834
Publisher:	Daban
Publication date:	07/18/2024
Sold by:	Barnes & Noble
Format:	eBook
Pages:	196
File size:	1 MB

Table of Contents

1.1 A Language or a Group of Languages

1.2 Political Repercussions

1.3 Previous Studies

1.4 Modernization Attempt

2 Modification

2.1 Second Phase

2.2 Limitations

-Development of Languages

1 Diachronic Updates

1.1 Sound Changes

1.2 Accent

1.3 Dialect

1.4 Languages

1.4.1 Pidgin Languages

1.4.2 Newborn Languages

2  Linguistic Instability

2.1 Balance of Complexity

2.2 Natural Selection

2.3 Modern Requirements

2.4 Language Death

3 Linguistic Interference

3.1 Word Borrowing

3.2  Literal Wording

4 Logical Structure

-Evolution of Kurdish

1 Roots

2 Pahlavi

3 Colloquial Kurdish

3.2 Dialects

3.3 Ethnolects

4 Future of Kurdish

4.1 A Language or Independent Dialects

5 Modification of Kurdish

5.1 Wahbi and Bedirxan

5.2 Second Phase of Modification

-A Language Is a Nation

1  Nationalism

1.1 Racial Cultures

1.2 Territorial Cultures

1.3 Cultures of Citizenship

2 Language & Nationalism

2.1 Symbol of Ethnicity

3 Bilingualism

3.1 Linguistic Acquisitions

3.2 Language Fluency

4 Constitutional Recognition

4.1 National Language

4.2 Official Language

4.3 Stateless Nations

4.4 Minorities

5 Religion

5.1 Language, Religion & Nationalism

6 Evolution of Sub-Nations

6.1 Russian-Ukrainian Conflict

-Language Ideology

1 Stratum

1.1 Language Academy

2 Planning

2.1 Corpus Plan

2.2 Status Plan

2.3 Acquisition Plan

3 Language Policy

3.1 Turkish Policy

3.2 Syrian Policy

3.3 Iraqi Policy

3.4 Iranian Policy

3.5 Kurdish Policy

-Phonology & Orthography

1 Phonetics & Phonology

1.1 Phonetics

2 Phonology

1.1 Phonetic Bias

2 Writing systems

2.1 Punctuation

2.2 Lexical Stability

2.3 Rephonemicization

2.4 Orthographic Depth

2.5 Multiple Systems

2.6 Kurdish Orthography

-Language Segregation

1  Linguistic Barriers

1.1 Diglossia

1.2 Digraphia

1.4 Kurdish Multiglossia

2 Sub-Ethnic Fragments

2.1 Purism

2.2 Sociocultural Development

-Kurdish Strategy

1 Struggle for Identity

1.1 Philological Rooting

1.2 Kurdification

1.3 Dialectal Leveling

2 Practical Solutions

2.1 Selecting an Existing Variety

2.2 Coining a New Standard

3.3 Pahlavi Based

3.4 Coexistence of Dialects

-Diglossia & Digraphia

1 Diglossia

1.1 Bilingualism

1.2 Diglossic Tolerance

2  Orthography

2.1 Digraphia

2.2 Diorthographia

2.3 Defective orthography

2.4 Deep Orthography

2.5 Unified Dictionary

3 Phonology

3.1 Grapheme-Phoneme Balance

4 Grammar

4.1 Syntax

4.2 Tenses

5 Semantics

-Unification

1 Scope of Unification

1.1 Registers

2 Why Unification

2.1 Role of Media

2.2 Culture

2.3 Economy

3 Examples of Unification

3.1 The Chinese Solution

3.2 The Norwegian Solution

3.3 Unification of Italian

3.4 German Orthographic Unification

3.5 The Rebirth of Hebrew

3.6 Evolution of Filipino