Printed MIMO Antenna Engineering

by Mohammad S. Sharawi

Overview

Wireless communications have advanced significantly over the past two decades. The multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology was proposed in the 1990s as a viable solution that can overcome the data rate limit experienced by single-input-single-output (SISO) systems. This resource is focused on printed MIMO antenna system design. Printed antennas are widely used in mobile and handheld terminals due to their conformity with the device, low cost, good integration within the device elements and mechanical parts, as well as ease of fabrication. A perfect design companion for practicing engineers, this book provides full design examples from the literature, along with detailed illustrations for the various antenna geometries. This resource overviews the various applications that currently depend on printed MIMO antennas, and provides design guidelines and remarks throughout the book for guidance. Contents Overview: Antenna Fundamentals; Electrically Small Printed Antennas; Printed Single-Band MIMO Antenna Systems; Printed Multiband MIMO Antenna Systems; Isolation Enhancement Techniques for Printed MIMO Antenna Systems; MIMO Antenna Performance Measurement Techniques

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781608076819
Publisher:	Artech House, Incorporated
Publication date:	04/28/2014
Pages:	340
Product dimensions:	6.30(w) x 9.10(h) x 0.90(d)

Table of Contents

Preface xi

Acknowledgments xv

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Wireless Technology Evolution 1

1.2 Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) Technology 5

1.3 Market Forecasts 8

1.4 Conclusions 8

References 9

2 Antenna Fundamentals 11

2.1 Radiation Mechanism 11

2.2 Single Antenna Parameters 15

2.2.1 Resonance 15

2.2.2 Radiation Patterns 18

2.2.3 Directivity 18

2.2.4 Efficiency 19

2.2.5 Gain 21

2.2.6 Polarization 21

2.3 MIMO Antenna Parameters 23

2.3.1 Total Active Reflection Coefficient 23

2.3.2 Isolation 25

2.3.3 Correlation Coefficient 25

2.3.4 Mean Effective Gain 27

2.3.5 Diversity Gain 30

2.3.6 Branch Power Ratio 32

2.3.7 System Capacity 32

2.4 Printed Antenna Types 36

2.4.1 Printed Dipole Antennas 37

2.4.2 Printed Monopole Antennas 42

2.4.3 Printed Loop Antennas 42

2.4.4 Printed Patch Antennas 46

2.4.5 Printed Inverted-F Antenna 53

2.4.6 Other Primed Antenna Structures 57

2.5 Antenna Integration Effects 58

2.5.1 Effect of PCB Ground Plane 58

2.5.2 Effect of Mobile Terminal Casing 60

2.5.3 Effect of the Presence of User's Hand and Head 60

2.6 Antenna Arrays 63

2.7 Conclusion 69

References 69

3 Electrically Small Printed Antennas 17

3.1 Features of Electrically Small Antennas 77

3.1.1 The Quality Factor (Q) 78

3.1.2 Maximum Gain (Gmax) 82

3.1.3 Efficiency 84

3.1.4 Radiation Patterns 85

3.2 ESA Examples 85

3.2.1 Meander Line ESAs 85

3.2.2 Loop and Spiral ESAs 89

3.2.3 Other Printed Geometries for ESAs 91

3.3 Conclusions 96

References 100

4 Printed Single-Band MIMO Antenna Systems 103

4.1 MIMO Antennas for Access Points and General Applications 103

4.2 MIMO Antennas for Cellular and Smartphones 111

4.3 MEMO Antennas for Large PCs and Tablets 122

4.4 MIMO Antennas for USB Dongles 134

4.5 Conclusions 140

References 144

5 Multiband Printed MIMO Antenna Systems 151

5.1 Printed Multiband MIMO Antenna Systems for Wireless Access Points and Generic Applications 152

5.2 Printed Multiband MIMO Antennas for Mobile Phones 163

5.3 Muitiband Printed MIMO Antennas for Portable Computers 185

5.4 Mulriband MIMO Antennas for USB Dongle Applications 191

5.5 Design Guidelines for Muitiband Printed MIMO Antennas 196

5.6 Conclusions 205

References 207

6 Isolation Enhancement Techniques for Printed MIMO Antenna Systems 215

6.1 Antenna Placement and Orientation 216

6.2 Decoupling Networks 224

6.3 Parasitic Elements 234

6.4 Defected Ground Structures 243

6.5 Neutralization Lines 253

6.6 Metamarerial-Based Isolation Enhancement Structures 259

6.7 Conclusions 266

References 270

7 MIMO Antenna Performance Measurements 273

7.1 Conventional Antenna Measurement Methods 273

7.1.1 S-Parameter Measurements 274

7.1.2 Antenna Radiation Pattern Measurements 274

7.2 MIMO Antenna Performance Measurement Technique 277

7.2.1 The Anechoic Chamber Multiprobe OTA Method 278

7.2.2 The Two-Stage OTA Method 279

7.2.3 Reverberation Chamber OTA Method 281

7.3 Remarks on MIMO OTA Testing 283

7.4 Conclusions 285

References 285

List of Abbreviations 287

About the Author 291

Index 293