The Permaculture Systems Thinking Handbook

David Holmgren, a co-founder of permaculture, defined permaculture as the use of systems thinking and design principles to construct an organizing framework for "deliberately designed landscapes that mimic the patterns and relationships found in nature while yielding an abundance of food, fibre and energy for provision of local needs."

Holmgren stated that the influence of systems thinking in the development of permaculture and its design principles was not through extensive study of the lit...