With Axe and Bible: The Scottish Pioneers of New Brunswick, 1784-1874

With Axe and Bible: The Scottish Pioneers of New Brunswick, 1784-1874

by Lucille H. Campey
With Axe and Bible: The Scottish Pioneers of New Brunswick, 1784-1874

With Axe and Bible: The Scottish Pioneers of New Brunswick, 1784-1874

by Lucille H. Campey

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Overview

New Brunswick’s enormous timber trade attracted the first wave of Scots in the late 18th century. As economic conditions in Scotland worsened, the flow of emigrants increased, creating distinctive Scottish communities along the province’s major timber bays and river frontages. While Scots relied on the timber trade for economic sustenance, their religion offered another form of support. It sustained them in a spiritual and cultural sense. These two themes, the axe and the bible, underpin their story. Using wide-ranging documentary sources, including passengers lists and newspaper shipping reports, the book traces the progress of Scottish colonization and its ramification for the province’s early development. The book is the first fully documented account of Scottish emigration to New Brunswick ever to be written.

Most Scots came in small groups but there were also great contingents such as the Arran emigrants who settled in Restigouche and the Kincardine emigrants who settled in the Upper St. John Valley. Lowlanders were dispersed fairly widely while Highlanders became concentrated in particular areas like Miramichi Bay. What factors caused them to select their various locations? What problems did they face? Were they successful pioneers? Why was the Scottish Church so important to them? In tracing the process of emigration, author Lucille H. Campey offers new insights on where Scots settled, their overall impact and the cultural legacy which they left behind. With axe and bible Scots overcame great hardship and peril and through their efforts created many of the province’s most enduring pioneer settlements.


Product Details

ISBN-13: 9781459721494
Publisher: Natural Heritage/Natural History, Incorporated
Publication date: 05/31/2007
Sold by: Barnes & Noble
Format: eBook
Pages: 224
File size: 12 MB
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About the Author

Ottawa-born Lucille Campey is a professional researcher and historian. Having married an Englishman, she moved to England where she acquired her M.A. in medieval history from Leeds University, then completed a doctorate on emigration history from the University of Aberdeen. She is the author of eight books on early Scottish emigration to Canada. Lucille and Geoff Campey live near Salisbury in Wiltshire.


Lucille H. Campey was born in Ottawa. A professional researcher and historian, she has a master’s degree in medieval history from Leeds University and a Ph.D. from Aberdeen University in emigration history. She is the author of fourteen books on early Scottish, English, and Irish emigration to Canada. She was the recipient of the 2016 Prix du Québec for her work researching Irish emigration to Canada. She lives near Salisbury in Wiltshire, England.

Table of Contents

Tables and Figures xi

Acknowledgements xiii

Preface xv

Abbreviations xviii

Chapter 1 The First Pencils of Light 3

Chapter 2 Loyalist Arrivals 16

Chapter 3 Early Forest Clearings: The Charlotte County Scots 33

Chapter 4 Attractions of the Miramichi: The Northumberland County Scots 48

Chapter 5 Searching for River Frontages: Scottish Concentrations in the Southeast 74

Chapter 6 The Timber Trade Moves North: The Restigouche County Scots 95

Chapter 7 The Skye Settlers 105

Chapter 8 Later Arrivals: New Kincardineshire and Other Settlements 114

Chapter 9 With Axe and Bible 130

Appendix I Ship Crossings from Scotland to New Brunswick, 1784-1848 141

Appendix II Characteristics of Vessels Listed in Appendix I 151

Notes 156

Bibliography 181

Index 191

About the Author 205

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