4D Printing, Volume 2: Between Science and Technology

Who hasn’t dreamed of seeing matter transformed in a way that suits you? This is the goal of 4D printing, using materials that can change in terms of shape and property under the effect of energy stimulation. From the description of the actions and actuators, the authors show the weaknesses that limit the industrialization of 4D printing processes; these are the modes of energy stimulation.

To prepare for the future, two chapters are introduced: “Material-Process Duality in Industrial 4D Pri...