Fluency Doesn't Just Happen with Addition and Subtraction: Strategies and Models for Teaching the Basic Facts

Fluency in math doesn’t just happen! It is a well-planned journey. In this book, you’ll find practical strategies and activities for teaching your elementary students basic addition and subtraction facts. The authors lay out the basic framework for building math fluency using a cycle of engagement (concrete, pictorial, abstract) and provide a multitude of examples illustrating the strategies in action.

You’ll learn how to:

• help students to model their thinking with a variety of tools;
• k...