Handbook of Innovative Adhesive Technology: Biodegradable and Cost-Effective Binder for Built Environment and Engineering Sciences

The environmental impact of the common binders used in construction materials is usually evaluated through life-cycle assessment (LCA), which is an effective process to measure the service life of construction materials. As construction materials are wood-based, they need flame retardants and various other additives to develop the desired features, which are added during the manufacturing process of construction materials. This makes the materials less environment-friendly and greenhouse ga...