Planetary Nebulae (IAU S384): A Universal Toolbox in the Era of Precision Astrophysics

Planetary nebulae are generated when the outer layers of intermediate-mass stars are ejected during the second giant expansion after core helium burning has ceased. The star, ultimately destined to becoming a white dwarf, ionises the ejecta revealing intricate nebular shapes. Over the years, the initial awe inspired by these beautiful displays has turned into the realisation of the vast number of astrophysical questions that can be tackled using planetary nebulae. This volume collects a ser...