Technology CAD - Computer Simulation of IC Processes and Devices

129 3.6 Exercises 130 3.7 References. 131 4 PN Junctions 131 4.1 Introduction. 132 4.2 Carrier Densities: Equilibrium Case 4.3 Non-Equilibrium .......... . 139 4.4 Carrier Transport and Conservation 144 4.5 The pn Junction - Equilibrium Conditions. 147 155 4.6 The pn Junction - Non-equilibrium. 4.7 SEDAN Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166 4.7.1 Heavy Doping Effects ..... . 176 4.7.2 Analysis of High-Level Injection 181 190 4.7.3 Technology-Dependent Device Effects 4.8 Summary 193 4.9 Ex...