Advanced Pattern Recognition Technologies with Applications to Biometrics

by David Zhang, Fengxi Song, Yong Xu

Overview

With the increasing concerns on security breaches and transaction fraud, highly reliable and convenient personal verification and identification technologies are more and more requisite in our social activities and national services. Biometrics, used to recognize the identity of an individual, are gaining ever-growing popularity in an extensive array of governmental, military, forensic, and commercial security applications. Advanced Biometric Recognition Technologies: Discriminant Criterion and Fusion Applications focuses on two kinds of advanced biometric recognition technologies, biometric data discrimination and multi-biometrics, while systematically introducing recent research in developing effective biometric recognition technologies. Organized into three main sections, this cutting-edge book explores advanced biometric data discrimination technologies, describes tensor-based biometric data discrimination technologies, and develops the fundamental conception and categories of multi-biometrics technologies.

Product Details

ISBN-13:	9781605662008
Publisher:	Medical Information Science Reference
Publication date:	01/31/2009
Series:	Premier Reference Source
Pages:	386
Product dimensions:	7.20(w) x 10.20(h) x 0.90(d)

Table of Contents

Preface vii

Acknowledgment xv

Chapter I Overview 1

Introduction 1

Biometric Recognition Technologies 5

Main Problems in Biometric Recognition 8

Book Perspective 12

References 16

Section I Biometric Discriminant Analysis

Chapter II Discriminant Analysis for Biometric Recognition 25

Linear Discriminant Analysis 25

LDA for Solving the Small Sample Size Problems 27

Organization of Section I 28

References 28

Chapter III Discriminant Criteria for Pattern Classification 30

Introduction 30

Large Margin Linear Projection Classifier 34

Minimum Norm Minimum Squared-Error Classifier 38

Maximum Scatter Difference Classifier 43

Summary 55

References 55

Chapter IV Orthogonal Discriminant Analysis Methods 58

Introduction 58

Orthogonalized Fisher Discriminant 63

Fisher Discriminant with Schur Decomposition 65

Comparison of Orthogonal Discriminant Analysis Methods 70

Summary 75

References 76

Chapter V Parameterized Discriminant Analysis Methods 78

Parameterized Direct Linear Discriminant Analysis 78

Weighted LDA in the Range of Within-Class Scatter Matrix 94

Summary 103

References 103

Chapter VI Two Novel Facial Feature Extraction Methods 106

Multiple Maximum Scatter Difference 106

Feature Extraction Based on Coefficients of Variances 119

Summary 131

References 132

Section II Tensor Technology

Chapter VII Tensor Space 135

Background 135

Basic Notations 136

Tensor Decomposition 142

Tensor Rank 145

References 148

Chapter VIII Tensor Principal Component Analysis 150

Introduction 150

Basic Algorithms 152

Applications to Biometric Verification 161

Summary and Discussion 168

References 170

Chapter IX TensorLinear Discriminant Analysis 172

Introduction 172

Basic Algorithms 173

Applications to Biometric Verification 191

Summary and Discussion 198

References 199

Chapter X Tensor Independent Component Analysis and Tensor Non-Negative Factorization 202

Introduction 202

Tensor Independent Component Analysis 205

Tensor Non-Negative Factorization (NF) 213

Applications to Biometric Verification 220

Summary 223

References 223

Chapter XI Other Tensor Analysis and Further Direction 226

Introduction 226

Tensor-Based Classifiers 228

Other Tensor Subspace Analysis 239

Summary 249

References 250

Section III Biometric Fusion

Chapter XII From Single Biometrics to Multi-Biometrics 254

Introduction 254

Biometric and Multi-Biometric Fusion: Definition and Notation 257

Performance Evaluation of Biometric Techniques 263

Research and Development of Multi-Biometrics 265

References 268

Chapter XIII Feature Level Fusion 273

Introduction 273

Schemes to Fuse Features at the Feature Level 275

Face and Palm Print Fusion at the Feature Level 276

Fusion of Multiple Feature Presentations 294

Comments 301

References 301

Chapter XIV Matching Score Level Fusion 305

Introduction 305

Matching Score Fusion Rules 308

Normalization Procedures of Matching Scores 314

Exemplification: Information Fusion of Face and Palmprint 318

Comments 323

References 323

Chapter XV Decision Level Fusion 328

Introduction 328

Rules and Methods of Decision Level Fusion 330

Selecting Classifiers Based on Correlations Between Classifiers 337

A Case Study of Group Decision-Based Face Recognition 338

Comments on Biometric Fusion at the Three Levels 343

References 345

Chapter XVI Book Summary 349

Content Summary 349

Method Applicability 351

Comments on Multi-Biometrics Development 352

References 357

Glossary 359

About the Authors 364

Index 366